Real-Time Printed Document Authentication Using Watermarked QR Code

Abstract

Printed documents are vulnerable to forgery through the latest technology development and it becomes extremely important. Most of the forgeries can be resulting loss of personal identity or ownership of a certain valuable object. This paper proposes novel authentication technique and schema for printed document authentication using watermarked QR (Quick Response) code. The technique is based Watermarked QR code generated with embedding logo belongs to the owner of the document which contain validation link, and the schema is checking the validation link of the printed document which linked to the web server and database server through internet connection by scanning it over camera phone and QR code reader, the result from this technique and schema is the validation can be done in real-time using smart phone such as smart phone based Android, Black Berry, and iOS. To get a good performance in extracting and validating printed document, it can be done by preparing in advance the validation link via internet connection to get the authentication of information hidden. Finally, this paper provide experimental results to demonstrate the authenticated of printed documents using watermarked QR code.

Graduation Certificate Verification Model: A Preliminary Study

“…There is a high market for forgery as well as opportunity with low cost, high quality results available [1]. Researchers have also found several significant problem areas when it comes to document verification.…”

“…Watermarked QR code is also an approach which is proposed for document verification [1]. Watermarked QR code contains the QR barcode, validation link to a website where it will show result and logo image.…”

“…The logo image is for identifying the owner who generated the QR code. In the research conducted by [1], they proposed a process to embed the validation link into the QR code and then generate the QR code. The watermark logo is embedded into QR code image.…”

“…Verification is the process of determining or confirming that someone (or something) is original. Documents Verification on the other hands can be define in various ways such as the researchers [1] defines document verification as the process of proving the correctness or authenticity of a document by using a proven method or technique. While the researchers [2] defines it as the process of ensuring that documents received from holder are genuine and that the holder is the rightful owner.…”

QR Code Integrity Verification Based on Modified SHA-1 Algorithm

“…In another study, incorporating a significant amount of self-describing data in the QR protects paper-based documents, but this emphasizes the need for no shake on the camera and better focusing mechanisms of smartphones [12]. Another scheme embeds watermark object with QR code to determine printed document validity, but this scheme needs the watermark image transparency set to 50% and prepare validation link in advance, and also set the size of QR to be not less than 2x2 cm2 to be able to read the watermarked QR code efficiently [15]. Another study implemented paperbased document authentication with the use of digital signature and QR code however with the inclusion of an optical character recognition (OCR) which requires human intervention when OCR fails which makes it inconvenient [16].…”