Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction in Stool Detects Transmission of Strongyloides stercoralis from an Infected Donor to Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Gómez-Junyent, Joan; Paredes-Zapata, David; Parras, Esperanza Rodríguez de las; González-Costello, José; Ruiz-Arranz, Ángel; Cañizares, R. Bañares; Saugar, José María; Muñóz, José

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0610

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The advent of stool realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) may also augment diagnosis and allow for early recognition and treatment. 8,28,29 Given his ongoing immunosuppression after relapsed infection, concerns that "curative" therapy may not eradicate every organism, and the limitations of surveillance testing, we elected to pursue secondary prophylaxis to suppress any residual larvae. 19,30 There is little data on longitudinal dosing of antihelminthics for secondary prophylaxis against relapse in patients with ongoing immunosuppression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: A Case of Recurrent Strongyloides stercoralis Colitis in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma

Glenn

Lindholm

Meis

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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chronic infection is frequently subclinical and thus under-recognized, although its increasing prevalence in nonendemic regions has implications for immunocompromised hosts. We present a 75-year-old male with stage II multiple myeloma who presented with relapse of infection after initial treatment, negative surveillance testing, and subsequent resumption of chemotherapy for his multiple myeloma. The optimal regimen for secondary prophylaxis against recurrent infections is unknown. Secondary prophylaxis should be considered for patients who recur and/or remain at high risk of recurrence because of ongoing immunosuppression. We implemented a prophylactic regimen of ivermectin 200 mcg/kg once monthly. In addition, improved laboratory assays for strongyloidiasis are needed to aid with diagnosis, monitoring of treatment response, and early detection of relapse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: A Case of Recurrent Strongyloides stercoralis Colitis in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma

Glenn

Lindholm

Meis

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Secondly, Strongyloides stercoralis infection is generally asymptomatic or causes unspecific symptoms, and thus goes unnoticed by health professionals who are not looking for it [9]. Thirdly, although the infection is rarely transmitted from person to person [10], it can be transmitted through organ transplantation, and autochthonous cases have been reported in non-endemic areas [11]. Therefore, screening should be considered for potential donors at risk of the infection [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Strongyloidiasis in Spain: A Hospital-Based Study

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Strongyloidiasis is a prevailing helminth infection ubiquitous in tropical and subtropical areas, however, seroprevalence data are scarce in migrant populations, particularly for those coming for Asia. Methods: This study aims at evaluating the prevalence of S. stercoralis at the hospital level in migrant populations or long term travellers being attended in out-patient and in-patient units as part of a systematic screening implemented in six Spanish hospitals. A cross-sectional study was conducted and systematic screening for S. stercoralis infection using serological tests was offered to all eligible participants. Results: The overall seroprevalence of S. stercoralis was 9.04% (95%CI 7.76-10.31). The seroprevalence of people with a risk of infection acquired in Africa and Latin America was 9.35% (95%CI 7.01-11.69), 9.22% (7.5-10.93), respectively. The number of individuals coming from Asian countries was significantly smaller and the overall prevalence in these countries was 2.9% (95%CI −0.3-6.2). The seroprevalence in units attending Pathogens 2020, 9, 107 2 of 13 potentially immunosuppressed patients was significantly lower (5.64%) compared with other units of the hospital (10.20%) or Tropical diseases units (13.33%) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: We report a hospital-based strongyloidiasis seroprevalence of almost 10% in a mobile population coming from endemic areas suggesting the need of implementing strongyloidiasis screening in hospitalized patients coming from endemic areas, particularly if they are at risk of immunosuppression.

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“…On the basis of published data, the most frequently intercurrent helminthic intestinal infection in SOT recipients seems to be strongyloidiasis [ 15 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 , 176 , 177 , 178 , 179 , 180 , 181 , 182 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 186 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 191 ], being occasionally reported infections by other intestinal helminths such as Trichuris trichiura [ 192 ], Ascaris lumbricoides [ 134 , 193 ] and Dipylidium caninum [ 194 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid Organ Transplant and Parasitic Diseases: A Review of the Clinical Cases in the Last Two Decades

2018

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of parasitic infections in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We conducted a systematic review of literature records on post-transplant parasitic infections, published from 1996 to 2016 and available on PubMed database, focusing only on parasitic infections acquired after SOT. The methods and findings of the present review have been presented based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. From data published in the literature, the real burden of parasitic infections among SOT recipients cannot really be estimated. Nevertheless, publications on the matter are on the increase, probably due to more than one reason: (i) the increasing number of patients transplanted and then treated with immunosuppressive agents; (ii) the “population shift” resulting from immigration and travels to endemic areas, and (iii) the increased attention directed to diagnosis/notification/publication of cases. Considering parasitic infections as emerging and potentially serious in their evolution, additional strategies for the prevention, careful screening and follow-up, with a high level of awareness, identification, and pre-emptive therapy are needed in transplant recipients.

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Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction in Stool Detects Transmission of Strongyloides stercoralis from an Infected Donor to Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Case Report: A Case of Recurrent Strongyloides stercoralis Colitis in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma

Case Report: A Case of Recurrent Strongyloides stercoralis Colitis in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma

High Prevalence of Strongyloidiasis in Spain: A Hospital-Based Study

Solid Organ Transplant and Parasitic Diseases: A Review of the Clinical Cases in the Last Two Decades

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