“…Therefore, many new methods aim to develop faster AST. Among them, molecular technologies based on PCR have been explored widely to detect specific resistance genes because PCR is sensitive and much rapid without the need of the time-consuming culture (Ye et al, 2016;Gorgani et al, 2009;Connolly et al, 2010;Martineau et al, 2000). However, most of the PCR methods are limited to specific genes or mutations with clear mechanisms related to the drug susceptibility.…”