Real-Time Optimized Error Protection Assignment for Scalable Image and Video over Wireless Channels

Muhit, Abdullah Al; Chuah, Teong Chee

doi:10.1007/s00034-008-9049-4

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In recent years, SE has been employed in plant species as a propagation tool in place of seed reproduction (Ipekci and Gozukirmizi, 2003;Li et al, 2012), especially for plants with extremely low reproduction rates or maintaining agronomic traits. To date, the process and mechanism of SE in model plants such as Arabidopsis have been well elucidated (Kadokura et al, 2018;Wojcik et al, 2018); however, the widespread application of in vitro embryogenesis is limited to the low responsiveness of many plant species and genotypes, especially in woody plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis Induction in Camellia oleifera Abel

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Camellia oleifera Abel. is an important woody oil species; however, the shortage of rapid and industrialized seedling culture is a large constraint on the development of the tea oil industry. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is one of the main powerful biotechnological tools for plant mass regeneration, but the largely unknown SE in C. oleifera limits the scale production of clonal plants. In this study, we described a high-efficiency SE system via direct and indirect pathways in C. oleifera and investigated the effect of genotype, explant age and phytohormones on SE. In the direct pathway, somatic embryos were highly induced from immature seeds 220 days after full blossom, and the development of embryoids was achieved with a combination of 0.19 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.05 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ). In the indirect pathway, embryogenic calli were induced from the same explants in medium containing 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D, while 0.75 mg/L 2,4-D treatment led to high proliferation rates for embryogenic calli. The addition of 0.19 mg/L 2,4-D alone stimulated the production of globular embryos while causing a 75% loss of the induction rate in the heart embryo stage. Upon transfer of the globular embryos to phytohormone-free medium, an optimal induction rate of 62.37% from globular embryos to cotyledonary embryos was obtained. These data suggest that the subsequent differentiation process after the globular embryo stage in ISE is more similar to an endogenous phytohormones-driven process. Mature embryos germinated to produce intact plantlets on half-strength MS basal medium with a regeneration rate of 63.67%. Histological analysis confirmed the vascular bundle isolation of embryoids from the mother tissue. We further studied the different varieties and found that there were no significant genotype differences for SE induction efficiency in C. oleifera. Thus, we established a high-efficiency induction system for direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis (ISE) in C. oleifera and regenerated intact plantlets via SE, not organogenesis. ISE has a more complicated induction and regulatory mechanism than direct somatic embryogenesis. The improved protocol of SE would benefit mass propagation and genetic manipulation in C. oleifera.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis Induction in Camellia oleifera Abel

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A typical JSCC coder is designed to apply FEC to source coded data and provide unequal error protection (UEP) of data streams [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Unequal importance streams can be formed using available coding tools or different packetization schemes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scalability was used in [15,16], while different packetization schemes were used in [13,14,17]. The FEC is accomplished by employing either block codes or convolution codes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this end, an analytical ratedistortion function is usually proposed and optimized for the best objective quality of the decoded video [11,12,[14][15][16]. However, this requires high processing power and a long delay from the encoder [4].This may be undesirable for mobile hand-held devices which are normally constrained in processing power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Joint Source and Channel Coding for Real Time H.264 Coded Video Transmission Using Mobile Hand-held Devices

Azni¹,

Pyndiah²,

Mokrani³

et al. 2009

IETE J Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper proposes a joint source channel coding scheme for robust real time transmission of H.264/AVC coded video over noisy channels and under bandwidth limitations. A new method of rate adaptation to the allowed maximum channel transmission rate which does not assume source rate control in the source coder has been proposed. This keeps system complexity reasonable and improves the perceived decoded video quality. These are desirable features for two-way video-conferencing using mobile hand-held devices. Data partitioning is used to code the source data. Then, unequal error protection is applied at the network abstraction layer. For robustness, we use joint optimization of forward error correction at the transmitter and error concealment at the source decoder. A low complexity and efficient algorithm of channel code rate allocation to the network abstraction layer units is then developed. Simulation results show that the perceived decoded video quality is improved for small levels of signal-to-noise ratio.

show abstract

“…In [3] UEP schemes which independently provide different protection levels to motion information and the transform coefficients produced by an H.264/AVC encoder were proposed and the schemes demonstrated superior error resilience to packet losses. A new error protection assignment scheme for real-time wireless multimedia transmission was proposed in [4] which exploits the structure of scalable sources to ensure optimal assignment and also leads to a dramatic reduction in the computational complexity. And in [5] an optimal layer-oriented UEP and FEC rate allocation scheme for efficient transmission of JPEG 2000 code-streams over wireless channels was proposed which has the main advantages of optimality and compliance to Wireless JPEG 2000. Another interesting solution to the image transmission problem is the use of delay-constrained ARQ in conjunction with Forward Error Correction (FEC).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly scalable JPEG image transmission with unequal error protection and optimal feedback

Fowdur

Soyjaudah

2010

Telecommun Syst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper investigates the performance of three different Unequal Error Protection (UEP) schemes for progressive JPEG image transmission using delay-constrained hybrid ARQ, with iterative bit and symbol combining. The first UEP scheme considers only the optimization of channel code-rates and keeps the number of retransmissions fixed for all the subbands of the image. The second one optimizes both the channel code-rates and retransmissions, while the third only considers the optimal allocation of retransmission requests. The UEP schemes are designed with two different coding techniques. The first one employs Rate Compatible Punctured Turbo Codes (RCPT) with iterative bit combining and, is suitable for applications requiring high power efficiency. For the second one we propose a new coding strategy, Rate Compatible Punctured Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation (RCPTTCM) with iterative symbol combining, which provides high scalability and bandwidth efficiency. Gains of over 9 dB in Peak-Signal-to-Noise-Ratio are obtained with the UEP schemes as compared to their corresponding Equal Error Protection (EEP) schemes.

show abstract

Real-Time Optimized Error Protection Assignment for Scalable Image and Video over Wireless Channels

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Direct and Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis Induction in Camellia oleifera Abel

Direct and Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis Induction in Camellia oleifera Abel

Joint Source and Channel Coding for Real Time H.264 Coded Video Transmission Using Mobile Hand-held Devices

Highly scalable JPEG image transmission with unequal error protection and optimal feedback

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About