Real-Time Optimal Voltage Regulation for Distribution Networks Incorporating High Penetration of PEVs

Azzouz, Maher A.; Shaaban, Mostafa F.; El-Saadany, Ehab F.

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2014.2385834

Cited by 85 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Because the LV system is downstream of the MV bus, the voltage magnitude variations in the LV buses are almost identical to that of the MV bus [30]. Therefore, it can be assumed that the voltage magnitude variations of the LV buses are almost identical to that of the MV bus if the active and reactive power outputs of the DGs are not changed.…”

Section: Network Power Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Voltage Control Using an Equivalent Model of a Low-Voltage Network Accommodating Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generators

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The penetration of inverter-based distributed generators (DGs), which can control their reactive power outputs, has increased for low-voltage (LV) systems. The power outputs of DGs affect the voltage and power flow of both LV and medium-voltage (MV) systems that are connected to the LV system. Therefore, the effects of DGs should be considered in the volt/var optimization (VVO) problem of LV and MV systems. However, it is inefficient to utilize a detailed LV system model in the VVO problem because the size of the VVO problem is increased owing to the detailed LV system models. Therefore, in order to formulate and solve the VVO problem in an efficient way, in this paper, a new equivalent model for an LV system including inverter-based DGs is proposed. The proposed model is developed based on an analytical approach rather than a heuristic-fitting one, and it therefore enables the VVO problem to be solved using a deterministic algorithm (e.g., interior point method). In addition, a method to utilize the proposed model for the VVO problem is presented. In the case study, the results verify that the computational burden to solve the VVO problem is significantly reduced without loss of accuracy by the proposed model. Keywords: equivalent model of a low-voltage (LV) system; inverter-based distributed generators (DGs); power loss; volt/var optimization (VVO)

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Section: Network Power Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the voltage magnitude variation of MV bus k has almost the same effect on the voltage magnitudes of the buses in the LV system [30], i.e., (A4):…”

Section: Appendix B Voltage Magnitude Variations In the Low-voltage mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Voltage Control Using an Equivalent Model of a Low-Voltage Network Accommodating Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generators

et al. 2017

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“…There are several studies about V2G process and its effects on distribution networks [7]- [13]. Energy of PEVs can be used in reduction of power losses and voltage sags [7]- [9], peak shaving [10], voltage and frequency control of microgrids [11]- [12], reserve power [13], etc. Investigating on the behavior of vehicle owners have shown that over 90% of cars don't run each day periodically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined solar charging stations and energy storage units allocation for electric vehicles by considering uncertainties

Khanghah

Anvari‐Moghaddam

Vasquez

2017

2017 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2017 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Syst

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Abstract-Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) are becoming a key feature of smart grids. PEVs will be embedded in the network as a mobile load-storage with probabilistic behavior. In order to manage PEVs as flexible loads, charging stations (CSs) have essential roles. In this paper, a new method for optimal sitting and sizing of solar CSs using energy storage (ES) options is presented. Also, behavior of PEVs in the presence of other loads, electricity price and solar power generation uncertainties are considered. The proposed optimization model maximizes the distribution company (DisCo) benefit by appropriate use of CSs, maximizes the benefit of CSs owners and minimizes the power loss, load demand and voltage sags during peak times considering different technical constraints. The optimization variables are the location and capacity of CSs (consists of solar units and energy storage systems). In this paper, charge-discharge actions of PEVs are regulated based on time-of-use demand response programs. In order to solve the optimization problem considering uncertainty of load growth, number of EVs, electricity price, initial state of charge in PEV batteries and solar power generation, genetic algorithm method using Monte-Carlo simulation is used. The simulation results show that the proposed method has several advantages for DisCo and owners of CSs.

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“…Moreover, the developed voltage regulation methods require experimental validation under practical situations [19].…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these approaches do not consider any optimum voltage regulation technique. Optimum voltage regulation using OLTC, plug-in electric vehicles and PV inverters is achieved and validated via HIL simulation using OPAL-RT, where the major concern is to maximise the energy delivery to electric vehicle owners in [19].…”

Section: Life In Pv Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Control Methodologies for Energy Storage Systems in Electricity Distribution Networks

Deeba¹

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Prompted by technical issues that have arisen due to the widespread deployment of distributed intermittent renewable generators, rapidly rising peak demand and reductions in battery price, the use of Battery-Based Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in power networks is on the rise. While BESS has the potential to deliver technical benefits, the best possible sizing, location and usage govern the financial viability. Prevailing models of determining BESS size, location and charging patterns have treated them as independent problems and lack explicit dependence on factors such as load growth rate, PV penetration level, network size and structure. Furthermore, the existing literature does not provide any guidelines on possible interaction between network operators and retailers to employ batteries for a distribution network operator's benefit.To bridge the existing research gaps, a generic approach to select appropriate sizing and siting of BESS for supporting both distribution utilities and customers is developed in this thesis. A method is established to model network upgrade deferral as a function of load growth rate, renewable generation penetration and peak shave fraction. This model is then used for the formulation of an optimisation problem which benefits from multi-period power flow analysis to co-optimise the size, location and dispatch scheduling of BESS for a pre-specified number of units to be deployed in a given distribution network. The proposed approach is implemented on a segment of the Australian medium voltage distribution network under multiple practical and potential future scenarios.Moreover, the developed methodology is utilised to obtain appropriate sizing and siting while controlling a BESS in the rest of the thesis. In this thesis, a new control method is proposed and practically validated to ensure smooth BESS operation amenable for prolonged BESS life without compromising the voltage regulation performance. The approach is based on the finite short-term forecast of PV generation to obtain forecast voltage trajectories. The forecast PV generation in conjunction with calculated feasible BESS charge-discharge trajectories is utilised to regulate voltage response over a finite time horizon that substantially reduces the charge-discharge cycling of BESS.ii As the uptake of BESS for photovoltaic applications rises, their aggregated use for network voltage regulation is considered as an impending option. Therefore, a generic approach to coordinate distributed BESS of customers with a view to system voltage regulation through the help of a demand response aggregator is developed. The proposed control algorithms are practically validated by using a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) setup comprising of a Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) and a dSPACE controller board.iii Declaration by authorThis thesis is composed of my original work, and contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference has been made in the text. I have clearly stated the contribution ...

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Real-Time Optimal Voltage Regulation for Distribution Networks Incorporating High Penetration of PEVs

Cited by 85 publications

References 28 publications

Optimal Voltage Control Using an Equivalent Model of a Low-Voltage Network Accommodating Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generators

Optimal Voltage Control Using an Equivalent Model of a Low-Voltage Network Accommodating Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generators

Combined solar charging stations and energy storage units allocation for electric vehicles by considering uncertainties

Development of Control Methodologies for Energy Storage Systems in Electricity Distribution Networks

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