Real-Time Optimal Scheduling of Multi-Microgrids Considering Renewable Energy Intermittency

Abstract

Accelerating the penetration of renewable energy (RE) in energy consumption is an important method to realize the promotion of CO2 emission peaking and carbon neutrality. The energy transaction between two microgrids (MGs) makes up for the limitations that a single MG cannot deal well with the intermittence and fluctuation of RE in the real-time scheduling of the system. Multi-microgrids (MMGs) composed of multiple MGs have become an effective supplement to China’s power system. However, extreme weather and natural disasters can easily cause fault shutdown of wind turbines (WTs) and photovoltaics (PVs) in the microgrid (MG). To better balance the flexible load curtailment and satisfaction of MMGs, this paper proposes a coordinated scheduling model for MMGs. This model covers the WT, the PV, the fuel cell (FC), the energy storage system (ESS), and flexible load curtailment. First, the energy management system (EMS) of MMGs collects information on all the distributed generators’ output and three types of loads. The contribution bargaining game is applied to realize the energy transaction between each two MGs. Second, balancing multi-microgrid satisfaction and the profit of each MG is taken as the objective function, and the scheduling strategy of each MG is formulated. Also, an improved optimization method is applied to solve the amount of flexible load curtailment of each MG and realize the reasonable scheduling of MMG in the fault state. In the case study, the superiority of the model and the proposed method has been verified.

Low-carbon economic dispatch of integrated energy system based on liquid carbon dioxide energy storage

“…China proposes peaking its carbon emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 (Liu et al, 2022), which requires a carbon capture system (CCS) (Paltsev et al, 2021) and carbon trading mechanisms (Yan et al, 2022;Shi et al, 2022) to achieve carbon emission reduction. Wind power (He et al, 2022), and photovoltaic (Yuan et al, 2022;Fu et al, 2022) permeability increases yearly. This situation leads to increased uncertainty in power system operation, so it is significant to allocate energy storage equipment to consume renewable energy and reduce the peak-to-valley load difference.…”

Energy management of renewable energy-based microgrid system with HESS for various operation modes

“…In (Ouammi et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015;Mahmood and Jiang, 2019;Fu et al, 2022), a single MG or a group of MGs operating independently of each other were studied. These studies focus on the off-line EMS problem by assuming that RES generation and load demand are deterministic or known in advance.…”