Real-time observation of the disassembly of stable neuritic microtubules induced by laser transection: Possible mechanisms of microtubule stabilization in neurites

Kurachi, Masayoshi; Kikumoto, Mahito; Tashiro, Hideo; Komiya, Yoshiaki; Tashiro, Tomoko

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0169(1999)42:2<87::aid-cm1>3.0.co;2-6

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…Video-enhanced microscopy was performed according to Kurachi et al (1999) using a DIC microscope (Carl Zeiss, Axiovert 135 TV, Germany) equipped with a Plan Apochromat 63× immersion objective lens (numerical aperture = 1.4) and 4× zoom lens, an oil-immersion condenser lens for high-magnification objectives. MT samples were introduced in slide-coverslip chambers made by double side tape, further sealed by vaselin-lanolin-paraffin in the ratio 1/1/1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAP2-mediated in vitro interactions of brain microtubules and their modulation by cAMP

et al. 2008

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Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are involved in microtubule (MT) bundling and in crossbridges between MTs and other organelles. Previous studies have assigned the MT bundling function of MAPs to their MT-binding domain and its modulation by the projection domain. In the present work, we analyse the viscoelastic properties of MT suspensions in the presence or the absence of cAMP. The experimental data reveal the occurrence of interactions between MT polymers involving MAP2 and modulated by cAMP. Two distinct mechanisms of action of cAMP are identified, which involve on one hand the phosphorylation of MT proteins by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) bound to the end of the N-terminal projection of MAP2, and on the other hand the binding of cAMP to the RII subunit of the PKA affecting interactions between MTs in a phosphorylation-independent manner. These findings imply a role for the complex of PKA with the projection domain of MAP2 in MT-MT interactions and suggest that cAMP may influence directly the density and bundling of MT arrays in dendrites of neurons.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAP2-mediated in vitro interactions of brain microtubules and their modulation by cAMP

et al. 2008

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Movement of chromosomes with severed kinetochore microtubules

Forer

Johansen

2015

Protoplasma

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Experiments dating from 1966 and thereafter showed that anaphase chromosomes continued to move poleward after their kinetochore microtubules were severed by ultraviolet microbeam irradiation. These observations were initially met with scepticism as they contradicted the prevailing view that kinetochore fibre microtubules pulled chromosomes to the pole. However, recent experiments using visible light laser microbeam irradiations have corroborated these earlier experiments as anaphase chromosomes again were shown to move poleward after their kinetochore microtubules were severed. Thus, multiple independent studies using different techniques have shown that chromosomes can indeed move poleward without direct microtubule connections to the pole, with only a kinetochore 'stub' of microtubules. An issue not yet settled is: what propels the disconnected chromosome? There are two not necessarily mutually exclusive proposals in the literature: (1) chromosome movement is propelled by the kinetochore stub interacting with non-kinetochore microtubules and (2) chromosome movement is propelled by a spindle matrix acting on the stub. In this review, we summarise the data indicating that chromosomes can move with severed kinetochore microtubules and we discuss proposed mechanisms for chromosome movement with severed kinetochore microtubules.

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