Real-time observation of graphene layer growth: Coupling of the interlayer spacing with thickness

Zhu, Da‐Ming; Gao, Hui; Zhang, Xingmin; Yang, Tieying; Li, Li; Yin, Gen; Li, Xiuhong; Nicklin, Chris; Gao, Xingyu; Li, Zhong; Yi, Lin; Li, Xiaolong

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2015.07.047

Cited by 22 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…S1). A detailed description of the chamber is also presented in our previous report [ 35 ]. The silicon substrate is mounted face down on the heating stage with a narrow gap between the Si and the heating stage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Growth of Graphene on Silicon by Metal-Free Chemical Vapor Deposition

et al. 2017

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The metal-free synthesis of graphene on single-crystal silicon substrates, the most common commercial semiconductor, is of paramount significance for many technological applications. In this work, we report the growth of graphene directly on an upside-down placed, single-crystal silicon substrate using metal-free, ambient-pressure chemical vapor deposition. By controlling the growth temperature, in-plane propagation, edge-propagation, and core-propagation, the process of graphene growth on silicon can be identified. This process produces atomically flat monolayer or bilayer graphene domains, concave bilayer graphene domains, and bulging few-layer graphene domains. This work would be a significant step toward the synthesis of large-area and layer-controlled, high-quality graphene on single-crystal silicon substrates. Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s40820-017-0173-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Growth of Graphene on Silicon by Metal-Free Chemical Vapor Deposition

et al. 2017

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“…The HRTEM images of LCF-Cu 120-300 are displayed in Figure 2b, a multilayer ordered structure with 0.34 nm lattice spacing was observed [28]. Furthermore, the SAED image (Figure 2c) of the LCF sheet indicated that the diffraction dots were fully indexed to the hexagonal graphite crystal structure [29], proving the highly graphitized crystalline structure of the LCF [30]. Therefore, it was claimed that the LCF is mainly composed of multi-layer graphene-like lignin-based carbon sheets with high thermal conductivity [3].…”

Section: Tem and Afm Analysismentioning

confidence: 90%

Fabrication of Lignin-Based Nano Carbon Film-Copper Foil Composite with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity

et al. 2019

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Technical lignin from pulping, an aromatic polymer with ~59% carbon content, was employed to develop novel lignin-based nano carbon thin film (LCF)-copper foil composite films for thermal management applications. A highly graphitized, nanoscale LCF (~80–100 nm in thickness) was successfully deposited on both sides of copper foil by spin coating followed by annealing treatment at 1000 °C in an argon atmosphere. The conditions of annealing significantly impacted the morphology and graphitization of LCF and the thermal conductivity of LCF-copper foil composite films. The LCF-modified copper foil exhibited an enhanced thermal conductivity of 478 W m−1 K−1 at 333 K, which was 43% higher than the copper foil counterpart. The enhanced thermal conductivity of the composite films compared with that of the copper foil was characterized by thermal infrared imaging. The thermal properties of the copper foil enhanced by LCF reveals its potential applications in the thermal management of advanced electronic products and highlights the potential high-value utility of lignin, the waste of pulping.

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“…In comparison to the conventional X-ray diffraction facilities, synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction could achieve a higher quality powder diffraction patterns in terms of peak profile shape and FWHM resolution 33 , which enables better resolving capability as well as fitting results for both qualitative and quantitative measurements 32 . Therefore, the errors of d 002 and L C002 are very small and generally ignored in many related reports 33 – 35 . According to the previously reports 33 , 34 , the error of d 002 is estimated to be only about 10 −4 nm order magnitude.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature in-situ synchrotron-based XRD study on the crystal structure evolution of C/C composite impregnated by FLiNaK molten salt

Feng

Yang

et al. 2017

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An in-situ real-time synchrotron-based grazing incidence X-ray diffraction was systematically used to investigate the crystal structural evolution of carbon fiber reinforced carbon matrix (C/C) composite impregnated with FLiNaK molten salt during the heat-treatment process. It was found that the crystallographic thermal expansion and contraction rate of interlayer spacing d 002 in C/C composite with FLiNaK salt impregnation is smaller than that in the virgin sample, indicating the suppression on interlayer spacing from FLiNaK salt impregnated. Meanwhile the crystallite size L C002 of C/C composite with FLiNaK salt impregnation is larger than the virgin one after whole heat treatment process, indicating that FLiNaK salt impregnation could facilitate the crystallization of C/C composite after heat treatment process. This improved crystallization in C/C composite with FLiNaK salt impregnation suggests the synthetic action of the salt squeeze effect on crooked carbon layer and the release of internal residual stress after heating-cooling process. Thus, the present study not only contribute to reveal the interaction mechanism between C/C composite and FLiNaK salt in high temperature environment, but also promote the design of safer and more reliable C/C composite materials for the next generation molten salt reactor.

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Real-time observation of graphene layer growth: Coupling of the interlayer spacing with thickness

Cited by 22 publications

References 34 publications

Direct Growth of Graphene on Silicon by Metal-Free Chemical Vapor Deposition

Direct Growth of Graphene on Silicon by Metal-Free Chemical Vapor Deposition

Fabrication of Lignin-Based Nano Carbon Film-Copper Foil Composite with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity

High temperature in-situ synchrotron-based XRD study on the crystal structure evolution of C/C composite impregnated by FLiNaK molten salt

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