Real-time multi degrees of freedom hybrid fire testing using Pi control

Mergny, Elke; Franssen, Jean‐Marc

doi:10.14264/160522f

Cited by 5 publications

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“…In the purely numerical configuration, however, the behaviour of the fire-exposed part must be modelled analytically too, which introduces uncertainty to the results (mainly because of the lack of realistic temperatureand time-dependent calibration data for the constitutive material models), that is, by design of the method eliminated in the hybrid configuration. For this reason, hybrid testing has lately attracted the interest of several researchers in structural fire engineering, leading to numerous conference contributions [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and several different approaches [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. However, a detailed and methodical review of existing approaches in [42] shows that these contributions still have, in aggregate, the following drawbacks: (1) they either lack the necessary theoretical rigour or ignore fundamentals of the well-established hybrid testing method as founded in the field of earthquake engineering (refer to [43] for an excellent review of these principles); (2) or they were only verified using over-simplified laboratory experiments, during which only relatively low elevated temperature levels were reached and, therefore, did not cover the entire range of temperaturedependent material behaviours that are relevant in structural fire engineering problems; or (3) they directly attempted to set up a hybrid fire test with full-scale structural members before exploring the fundamentals through meaningful lab-scale proof-of-concept problems (refer to [42] for a more detailed discussion including a historical overview on pioneering research from the 1980s and 1990s).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validating hybrid fire testing with full-physical twin experiments

et al. 2022

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Real fire incidents show that structural systems have specific fire-induced redundancies that make them perform better than classical structural fire analysis predicts. Properly validated hybrid fire testing has the potential to tap into such redundancies for designs. In this study, we conceived and implemented a comprehensive and novel physics-based validation strategy for hybrid fire testing. We developed a laboratory-scale thermo-mechanical proof-of-concept problem that is representative for structural systems exposed to compartment fires. We solved the proof-of-concept problem using our novel thermo-mechanical hybrid solution procedure (Schulthess et al. 2020 Comput. Struct. 238 , 106301 ( doi:10.1016/j.compstruc.2020.106301 )) and compared the resulting hybrid model response against the results from a full-physical laboratory set-up of the same proof-of-concept problem, which we call a full-physical twin experiment. Full-physical twin experiments constitute the top layer of a suite of benchmark tests any specific hybrid fire testing procedure must pass to qualify not only as theoretically accurate and correctly functioning but also (and more importantly) as physically sound and able to yield realistic simulation results. This paper delivers such a first-of-its-kind physics-based validation, and in doing so, the first comprehensively validated method for hybrid fire testing—a method that now allows fire test facilities to conduct meaningful full-scale hybrid fire tests of entire structural systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validating hybrid fire testing with full-physical twin experiments

et al. 2022

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Multi-degree-of-freedom Hybrid Fire Testing of a Column in a Non-linear Environment

Mergny

Franssen

2022

Fire Technol

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Hybrid fire testing is a testing method for structures on fire based on a substructuring method. A complete structure is divided in two substructures, one in a fire test laboratory (physical substructure), and one numerically simulated (numerical substructure). In fire engineering, some hybrid fire tests have been successfully performed in the last decades, but as the method is still in its infancy, these hybrid tests were limited to one-degree-of-freedom tests. The paper presents the first successful multi-degree-of-freedom hybrid test performed in fire engineering. The physical substructure is a steel column with an axial displacement and rotations at the ends controlled by electric jacks. The numerical substructure is a non-linear 2D plane frame structure modelled in SAFIRÒ. The equations of the algorithm, the experimental setup, the testing process, and the results are presented.

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The Impact of Various Heating Rates on Real-Time Degree of Hybrid Fire Simulation

Faghihi,

Knobloch

2024

Fire Technol

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Global fire performance of structures in fire is proven to be more advantageous in many cases of engineering practice than the prescriptive fire resistance based on isolated structural member testing. Hybrid fire simulation (HFS) is a novel well-suited method trending in recent years for analysis of global performance of structures in fire. In the principles of this method, the part of a structure which has unknown behavior or is uncertain to be numerically modeled (subjected to fire) would be physically tested, while the rest of the structure is numerically simulated. HFS method enables capturing the beneficial interaction mechanisms evolving between fire-exposed structural members and the adjacent cooler substructure. Due to the continuous temperature increase in a fire test and the existing thermal inertia as well as the rate- and temperature-dependent material behavior of structures exposed to fire, a real-time performance in hybrid fire simulation counts as a necessity. This challenge is more critical for hybrid fire simulations with higher applied heating rates relevant to structural fire engineering. Within scope of this paper, (a) a robust and rigorous approach for real-time HFS is presented; (b) a series of proof-of-concept studies of different hybrid fire simulations with various applied heating rates are carried out for a thermomechanical benchmark problem; (c) the important results of four representative hybrid fire simulations with relevant heating rates to structural fire engineering are discussed; (d) the importance of an appropriate calculation method for stiffness update of the fire-exposed structural member over HFS procedure is highlighted, and e) the precision and accuracy of the applied HFS approach with respect to interface error and real-time degree are evidenced.

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Real-time multi degrees of freedom hybrid fire testing using Pi control

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Validating hybrid fire testing with full-physical twin experiments

Validating hybrid fire testing with full-physical twin experiments

Multi-degree-of-freedom Hybrid Fire Testing of a Column in a Non-linear Environment

The Impact of Various Heating Rates on Real-Time Degree of Hybrid Fire Simulation

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