Real-time monitoring of leakage current on insulating cross-arms in relation to local weather conditions

Zachariades, Christos; Rowland, Martin; Cotton, Ian

doi:10.1109/eic.2013.6554275

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Dry-band arcs and possible flashover on insulators are exacerbated by light rain and high humidity conditions [13], [14], [15]. Werneck et al states the conditions that lead to flashover [16]:  Pollutants settle on the surface of the insulator;  These deposits combine with moisture caused by light rain, fog, mist or dew and form a conductive layer on the insulator's surface;  LC starts to flow;  Partial discharges start occurring on the insulator's surface;  Possible flashover.…”

Section: Leakage Current On Insulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Monitoring of Leakage Current on Composite and Glass Insulators of the Cahora Bassa HVDC Transmission Line

Roman¹,

Zyl²,

Parus³

et al. 2019

SAIEE Afr. Res. J.

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High voltage transmission line design requires careful insulator selection to ensure good operational performance. This paper reports on the in-situ measurements of leakage current (LC) on composite and glass insulators of the Cahora Bassa high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line in South Africa over a 6month period. The influence of temperature, humidity, dew, rain and the HVDC line's voltage and current on LC are investigated. The results show that the composite and glass insulator LC behaviour is similar, except in cases of high humidity or rain. At the commencement of rainfall and humidity (>90%), elevated LC levels are observed on glass insulators, while composite insulators demonstrate lower LC levels under these conditions. Under nominal weather conditions of no rain and low humidity, the LC measurements exhibit an almost square-wave behaviour with LC switching between lower (≈20 µA) and higher values (≈60 µA) with relatively short transitions on a daily basis. This phenomenon can be ascribed to condensation on the insulators, which is a primary determinant of the LC levels on contaminated insulators. The line current and voltage fluctuations do not influence the LC level.

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Section: Leakage Current On Insulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Monitoring of Leakage Current on Composite and Glass Insulators of the Cahora Bassa HVDC Transmission Line

Roman¹,

Zyl²,

Parus³

et al. 2019

SAIEE Afr. Res. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(a) In 2013, Zachariades published their work on the behaviour of the cross-arm [36]. In this case, the electrical behaviour of the cross-arm is observed by monitoring the leakage current in real time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two insulating cross-arms of 231 kV on each side are on the west and the other on the south, as shown in Figure 13. In 2013, Zachariades published their work on the behaviour of the cross-arm [36]. In this case, the electrical behaviour of the cross-arm is observed by monitoring the leakage current in real time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Review of Advancements in Insulated Cross-Arm Technology

et al. 2022

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High-voltage transmission technology has advanced quickly with the overall development and increased use of renewable energy. More demands on the insulating system are made when high-voltage power systems evolve. One of the significant factors is the sharp rise in population density, which led to the high demand for electricity. Right-of-way infringement is a problem that frequently occurs these days. Transmission is done over a rated capacity; as a result, the transmission line heats up, the insulation ages, and the electric field becomes distorted. The insulating system is prone to fail too soon when the operating voltage inverses or when there is a significant temperature differential. Environmentally friendly insulating materials have received much attention recently. A synergistic optimisation of heat resistance properties, mechanical properties, and dielectric properties must be accomplished before these materials can be used in high-voltage transmission systems. They must also withstand harsh electrical and thermal shocks such as overvoltage and short-circuit faults. One of the developments that has become a popular research topic is the constantly evolving tower design. This review article presents advancements in cross-arm technology in high-voltage transmission systems to elaborate on the limitations and contributions of different research work.

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Real-Time Leakage Current Classification of 15kV and 25kV Distribution Insulators Based on Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks With Deep Learning Machine

2022

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This paper presents an online monitoring system to classify the leakage/discharge current of the insulator in coastal sites using Bidirectional Long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) models on a web-based service. The remote monitoring methodology uses environmental parameters to classify the peak level of leakage/discharge current of the 15kV and 25kV distribution insulators. The sequential weather data, the humidity, temperature, rainfall, dew point, solar illumination, wind speed, air pressure, and wind direction are automatically collected hourly in real-time and transferred to data servers. The hyperparameter optimization for the structure of Bi-LSTM is utilized through the grid search capability in a deep learning machine. The optimized design of Bi-LSTMs improves the performance and accuracy in predicting the leakage/discharge current classification for HDPE and SR of 15kV and 25kV insulators. Compared with persistent methodologies such as recurrent neural networks (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and the gated recurrent unit (GRU), the Bi-LSTM has better performance and higher accuracy in predicting the leakage/discharge levels, which are utilized to evaluate the surface pollution of insulators. The optimized structure of the proposed Bi-LSTM model could achieve a maximum improvement of 49.529% error, 12.761% accuracy, 72.736% error, and 36.641% accuracy for training and validating data compared with other models. Moreover, web-based service is developed for maintenance staff to interact with all current and predicted status of insulators. This online leakage current classification has been installed in Mailiao Township in Taiwan and could establish a reasonable maintenance mechanism for 15kV and 25kV distribution insulators.INDEX TERMS Bidirectional long short-term memory, deep learning machine, gated recurrent unit, insulator leakage current classification, long short-term memory, online monitoring leakage current, recurrent neural network.

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Real-time monitoring of leakage current on insulating cross-arms in relation to local weather conditions

Abstract: Additionally it has been found that the prevailing wind affects the south facing cross-arm more than the west facing one. Also, the effects of precipitation have been found to be more prominent on the tension members.

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

In-Situ Monitoring of Leakage Current on Composite and Glass Insulators of the Cahora Bassa HVDC Transmission Line

In-Situ Monitoring of Leakage Current on Composite and Glass Insulators of the Cahora Bassa HVDC Transmission Line

Historical Review of Advancements in Insulated Cross-Arm Technology

Real-Time Leakage Current Classification of 15kV and 25kV Distribution Insulators Based on Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks With Deep Learning Machine

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