Real-time Mental Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on College Students: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study (Preprint)

Kleiman, Evan M.; Yeager, April L.; Grove, Jeremy L; Kellerman, John; Kim, Joanne S.

doi:10.2196/preprints.24815

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We used the ema . powercurve function from the R package EMAtools (Kleiman, 2017) to estimate the sample size given five entries per day across 7 days. To detect a small effect size with a mean data completion rate of 75%, we required 350 participants assuming 80% power (see https://osf.io/gsvdf).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of social interactions on momentary stress and mood during COVID‐19 lockdowns

Forbes

Pronizius

Feneberg

et al. 2022

British J Health Psychol

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OBJECTIVE: Social interactions are vital for our wellbeing, particularly during times of stress. However, previous studies linking social interactions to psychological outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic have largely been retrospective and/or cross-sectional. Thus, we tested four preregistered hypotheses (H1-H4) concerning the real-time effect of social interactions on momentary changes in stress and mood during two COVID-19 lockdowns. DESIGN:We used an ecological momentary assessment approach in 732 participants in spring 2020 and in a subsample of these participants (n= 281) during a further lockdown in autumn/winter 2020. METHODS: Participants reported their stress and mood in a smartphone app five times per day for seven days and indicated the nature and frequency of their recent social interactions. RESULTS: Social interactions (H1) and their frequency (H2) improved momentary affect. This was particularly the case for face-to-face interactions which, compared to other types of interactions, reduced momentary stress and boosted mood across both lockdowns, even when controlling for the pleasantness of the interaction and the closeness of the interaction partner (H3). We also show that individual differences in people's responsiveness to different social rewards modulated the impact of social interactions on momentary mood (H4). CONCLUSIONS: This study extends findings from cross-sectional and retrospective studies by highlighting the real-time affective benefits of social interactions during COVID-19 lockdown. The results have important implications for the (self-) management of stress and mood during psychologically demanding periods.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of social interactions on momentary stress and mood during COVID‐19 lockdowns

Forbes

Pronizius

Feneberg

et al. 2022

British J Health Psychol

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show abstract

“…There is now a large body of published, peer‐reviewed research papers assessing the impacts of the pandemic on university students, the majority of these are surveys investigating topics such as student adaptations to online learning, 9–16 Covid‐19 impacts on mental health, 4,5,17–26 or less frequently, both of these factors in parallel 27–30 . Other studies that have taken a broader approach to understand how the pandemic has altered academic, societal, health, lifestyle and behavioural elements of the student experience 31–35 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the Covid‐19 pandemic on the health of university students

Ihm

Zhang

Vijfeijken

et al. 2021

Health Planning & Management

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The Covid-19 pandemic caused by the novel Sars-CoV-2 coronavirus, has resulted in millions of deaths and disruption to daily life across the globe. University students have been additionally affected by a sudden move to online learning, the closure of campuses and dramatic societal changes that have upended their experiences of higher education. Here we focus on the physical and mental health consequences of the pandemic for this population sector during 2020, and the interdependencies of these impacts.We survey the challenges for infection control on campuses and for monitoring the disease dynamics in student communities. Finally, we explore the psychological and mental health problems that have been exacerbated by the pandemic and evaluate the underlying factors that are most relevant to students.

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“…Moreover, it should be noted that all of our participants were college students. During the pandemic, the role of university support was positively associated with students' optimistic attitudes towards COVID-19 (Kleiman et al, 2020). Future research should examine more cognitive appraisal factors such as perceived support and control expectancy to explore the COVID-19 effect on mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Eating Problems in Daily Life: The Mediating Roles of Stress, Negative Affect and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms

et al. 2021

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic poses a challenge to individuals' mental health. People worldwide are experiencing increased stress, negative affect, and posttraumatic stress symptoms, which may lead to eating problems. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of the perceived severity of COVID-19 on eating problems and the mediating effects of stress/negative affect/posttraumatic stress symptoms both at the personal level and interpersonal level. Methods: During the COVID-19 outbreak, a total of 108 college students were recruited to report their perceived severity of COVID-19, stress, negative affect, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and eating problems three times a day for seven consecutive days using Ecological Momentary Assessment. Results: State perceived severity of COVID-19 predicted fewer subsequent eating problems in daily life at the personal level. Both state negative affect and posttraumatic stress symptoms were positively associated with eating problems in daily life. At the interpersonal level, trait-like perceived severity of COVID-19, stress, negative affect, and posttraumatic stress symptoms were positively associated with overall eating problems. There were no mediating effects of stress/negative affect/posttraumatic stress symptoms on the relations between perceived severity of COVID-19 and eating problems at the personal/interpersonal level. Conclusions: The perceived severity of COVID-19, stress, negative affect, and posttraumatic stress symptoms might increase the risk of eating problems.

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Real-time Mental Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on College Students: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study (Preprint)

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

The effects of social interactions on momentary stress and mood during COVID‐19 lockdowns

The effects of social interactions on momentary stress and mood during COVID‐19 lockdowns

Impacts of the Covid‐19 pandemic on the health of university students

COVID-19 and Eating Problems in Daily Life: The Mediating Roles of Stress, Negative Affect and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms

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