Real-Time Ionosphere Monitoring by Three-Dimensional Tomography over Japan

Saito, Susumu; Suzuki, Shota; Yamamoto, M.; Saito, Akinori; Chen, Chia Hun

doi:10.1002/navi.213

Cited by 32 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Yin et al (2006) studied the hmF 2 variations during three geomagnetic storms using the Multi‐instrument Data Analysis System (MIDAS) (Mitchell et al, 2002), and their results showed a dramatic increase of hmF 2 during geomagnetic storms. The constrained least squares method (Seemala et al, 2014) is used to reconstruct the density perturbations during medium‐scale traveling ionospheric disturbance (MSTID) events (Chen et al, 2016) and to develop real‐time three‐dimensional ionosphere monitoring (Saito et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3‐D Tomographic Reconstruction of SED Plume During 17 March 2013 Storm

Zhai

Yao

et al. 2020

JGR Space Physics

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The three-dimensional computerized ionospheric tomography (3DCIT) technique is used to reconstruct the spatial distribution of storm-enhanced density (SED) based on the global positioning system total electron content measurements over the North American area during the 17 March 2013 storm. The reconstruction results are carefully validated with observations from three ionosonde stations, the constellation observing system for meteorology, ionosphere, and climate (COSMIC) radio occultations, and the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar. The electron density profiles from the 3DCIT reconstruction show a good agreement with the ionosonde and COSMIC electron density profiles. The 3DCIT-derived electron density difference between the storm day of 17 March and the quiet day of 16 March also captures the similar SED plume signature that was observed by the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar. The 3DCIT reconstruction allows us for the first time to unveil the 3-D configuration of the SED plume and its spatiotemporal evolution. It was found that the SED plume first appeared around 400 km and then expanded downward to~300 km as well as upward to~500 km over the course of a 3-hr period from 19 to 22 UT on 17 March. Our study also showed that the density enhancement within the SED plume occurred mostly above the storm time F layer peak height.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3‐D Tomographic Reconstruction of SED Plume During 17 March 2013 Storm

Zhai

Yao

et al. 2020

JGR Space Physics

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“…To improve on estimations of climatologic models and still obtain a full 3‐D picture of the ionosphere, tomography techniques have extensively been applied (e.g., Hong et al, ; Raymund et al, ; Saito et al, ; Seemala et al, ; Ssessanga et al, , ; Tsai et al, ). However, ionosphere tomography techniques have a deficiency of not being able to adequately spread observation information within the grid, specifically over remote areas where measurements are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assimilation of Multiple Data Types to a Regional Ionosphere Model With a 3D‐Var Algorithm (IDA4D)

et al. 2019

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For the purpose of building a regional (bound 20–60°N in latitude and 110–160°E in longitude) ionospheric nowcast model, we investigated the performance of IDA4D (Ionospheric Data Assimilation Four‐Dimension) technique considering International Reference Ionosphere model as the background. The data utilized in assimilation were slant total electron content (STEC) from 27 ground GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver stations and NmF2 (ionospheric F2 peak density) from five ionosondes and COSMIC (Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate) Data Analysis Archive Center. The period analyzed covered both geomagnetic quiet and disturbed days (15–18 March 2015). Assimilations were run under the following data combinations (cases): (1) GPS‐STEC's only; (2) GPS‐STEC's and NmF2's from five ionosondes; (3) only NmF2's from five ionosondes; and (4) GPS‐STEC's and NmF2's from both five ionosondes and COSMIC. Results showed that under case 1 the root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) in STEC reduced by 44% over the background International Reference Ionosphere values and on averaged over all ionosonde stations in the analysis RMSE values of foF2 (F2 layer critical frequency) reduced by 21%. Furthermore, foF2 RMSE values under Case 2 were 36% smaller than those under Case 1. Under Case 4, IDA4D performance improved even further in areas not covered by GPS and ionosonde measurements. Therefore, IDA4D is a potential candidate for regional ionosphere modeling that exhibits improved performance with assimilation of different data types.

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“…Computerized ionospheric tomography is an effective way to study 3D structures of ionospheric electron density (Austen et al 1988), particularly in a region with densely deployed GNSS stations (Seemala et al 2014;Chen et al 2016;Saito et al 2016). Here, we study the 3D structure of Es irregularities by performing 3D tomography of electron density anomalies using the GNSS-TEC data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D tomography of midlatitude sporadic-E in Japan from GNSS-TEC data

Muafiry

Heki

Maeda

2018

Earth Planets Space

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We studied ionospheric irregularities caused by midlatitude sporadic-E (Es) in Japan using ionospheric total electron content (TEC) data from a dense GNSS array, GEONET, with a 3D (three-dimensional) tomography technique. Es is a thin layer of unusually high ionization that appears at altitudes of ~ 100 km. Here, we studied five cases of Es irregularities in 2010 and 2012, also reported in previous studies, over the Kanto and Kyushu Districts. We used slant TEC residuals as the input and estimated the number of electron density anomalies of more than 2000 small blocks with dimensions of 20-30 km covering a horizontal region of 300 × 500 km. We applied a continuity constraint to stabilize the solution and performed several different resolution tests with synthetic data to assess the accuracy of the results. The tomography results showed that positive electron density anomalies occurred at the E region height, and the morphology and dynamics were consistent with those reported by earlier studies.

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Real-Time Ionosphere Monitoring by Three-Dimensional Tomography over Japan

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

3‐D Tomographic Reconstruction of SED Plume During 17 March 2013 Storm

3‐D Tomographic Reconstruction of SED Plume During 17 March 2013 Storm

Assimilation of Multiple Data Types to a Regional Ionosphere Model With a 3D‐Var Algorithm (IDA4D)

3D tomography of midlatitude sporadic-E in Japan from GNSS-TEC data

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