“…More than a decade of steady exponential improvement of computation capacity (45% yearly increase [13]) and energy efficiency (25% yearly increase [14]) of GPUs have accelerated its potential applications in the field of optical communications. Recent demonstrations include real-time forward error correction (FEC) decoding [4], [5], physical-layer functionality [6]- [8], differential quaternary phase-shift-keying (DQPSK) detection [9], and flexible multi-modulation format detection using directly detected pulse-amplitude modulated signals, Sjoerd van der Heide, Ton Koonen, and Chigo Okonkwo are with the High Capacity Optical Transmission Laboratory, Electro-Optical Communications Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands. (e-mail: s.p.v.d.heide@tue.nl, c.m.okonkwo@tue.nl, a.m.j.koonen@tue.nl).…”