Real-Time Implementation of a Seven-Level Packed U-Cell Inverter with a Low-Switching-Frequency Voltage Regulator

Real-Time Implementation of Model-Predictive Control on Seven-Level Packed U-Cell Inverter

“…PACKED U-CELL TOPOLOGY AND SWITCHING SEQUENCES PUC converter has been introduced by Al-Haddad in 2011 [19,22] and developed by Vahedi in 2015 [20,33]. It can be used as single-phase converter as well as three-phase configuration.…”

“…In order to attenuate the impact of such problems, several studies have been conducted and new multilevel inverters topologies have been proposed [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. One promising topology is the Packed U-Cells (PUC) which combines advantages of flying capacitor (FC) and cascaded HBridges (CHB) and makes use of only one isolated DC source while the second DC bus should be regulated at a desired voltage level which influence the output voltage number of level [19,20].…”

“…Several control techniques have been studied concerning the PUC like hysteresis current control [21], and nonlinear controllers [20,22]. All those controllers have been implemented on the stand-alone inverter or rectifier application of the PUC topology.…”

Sensor-Less Five-Level Packed U-Cell (PUC5) Inverter Operating in Stand-Alone and Grid-Connected Modes

“…Packed U-Cell (PUC) inverter has been first introduced by Al-Haddad et al to generate 7-level voltage while using only 6 active switches, one isolated DC sources and one capacitor as second source which its voltage should be controlled to fix at 1/3 of first DC source [20]. Although the mentioned topology has less number of components among other 7-level inverters, it has some major drawbacks including high switching frequency, asymmetric output voltage cycles and levels, requiring fast response and complicated controller with lot of feedback sensors, using large capacitor to regulate the voltage in variable situations and etc [18,21,22].…”

An improved SMC control strategies for PMSG based WECS

“…Among them multilevel converter such as 3-phase Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) is becoming more popular in the applications such as grid-tied. Because it outputs more voltage level with less switching losses [4] [5]. These merits of NPC converter make it guaranteed to exchange the electrical energy at low to medium voltage with lower current, less paralleled devices, and reduce size of filter in correlation with two-level converter [6] [7].…”