Real-Time HIL Implementation of Sliding Mode Control for Standalone System Based on PV Array Without Using Dumpload

Abstract

In this paper, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) implementation of solar photovoltaic (PV) array feeding autonomous load, without dump load, is investigated. Two control algorithms based on the sliding mode approach are designed to guarantee a fast and finite-time convergence without adjustment of the system parameters. The dc-dc boost converter and the current controlled-voltage source converter (CC-VSC) are controlled to maximize the power from the PV, to protect the battery energy storage system (BESS) from overcharging, and to regulate the voltage and frequency at the point of common coupling (PCC). An accurate stability analysis of the system is presented and discussed in this work. The effectiveness and the robustness of the developed controllers are validated by simulation and experimental results during the load perturbation and varying climate conditions. Index Terms-Maximum power point tracking (MPPT), photovoltaic (PV) array, sliding mode control (SMC), stability analysis, standalone system (SS), voltage and frequency regulation.1949-3029

A Novel Supervisory Control Algorithm to Improve the Performance of a Real-Time PV Power-Hardware-In-Loop Simulator with Non-RTDS

“…Error Current(t) = (LUT(V m (t)) − I m (t)) (15) Performance Index(PI) = To verify the performance of the PHIL Simulator (PHILS) algorithm, the Error Current and the Performance Index are calculated by the results of each algorithm against the reference values performed through simulation as shown in Equations (15) and (16), respectively. The reference value of the PV output current generated from the PHILS is created by the function, which has the Look-Up table of a PV I-V Characteristic.…”

“…Figure 4 shows the process of transmitting the generated voltage and current target values to the DC power supply after the input of the initial PV cell parameters PVParams, irradiation Ir(k), temperature Te(k), measured voltage Vm(k), and measured current Im(k) into the PV array model. This algorithm is integrated into a Real-time Digital Simulator (RTDS), which has high performance computing units with special peripheral devices capable of real-time processing and is conducive to certain test scenarios in an RTDS simulation [14][15][16][17]. However, the combination of a general computing unit and a typical programmable DC power supply has constraints, such as the sampling time to a peripheral device, computing performance, and a rectangular voltage and current output range, which are divided into the constant voltage (CV) mode and the constant current (CC) mode.…”

“…The high cost of implementing actual PV systems to study the improvement of grid-tied or off-grid PV inverter performance is required in research and development efforts. In order to solve this problem, PV Power Hardware-In-the-Loop (PHIL) simulators, which can simulate and test PV arrays in real-time, are being used to develop PV inverters [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. PV PHIL simulators are generally composed of universal real-time digital simulator (RTDS) devices, but these are expensive owing to extra features and difficult to use owing to the expertise required to run the program, therefore generally, there is a barrier to their being widely used.…”

Lyapunov Function and Sliding Mode Control Approach for the Solar-PV Grid Interface System

“…For the secure and reliable integrations of such solar-PV systems with the grid, different standards are in practice in various countries such as in [2]. To control the operation under these guidelines, solutions have also been reported in the literature using a single-stage inverter [3-4] and two-stage inverter [5][6][7][8].To know which topology is preferred for a typical application, a comparative study has been made in [9]. The single stage topology is considered more efficient due to less number of components.…”

Development of Control Methodologies for Energy Storage Systems in Electricity Distribution Networks

“…Therefore, central control of the distributed BESS inverters is essential to coordinate multiple BESS for voltage regulation, while DRAs can play a vital role to accomplish such tasks [7]. PID and rule-based techniques in [70][71][72][73][74]. Voltage regulation is accomplished by reactive power control, where RTDS and dSPACE are used for realistic simulation in [75,76].…”