Real-Time Guidance for Hydrant Flushing Using Sensor-Hydrant Decision Trees

Shafiee, M. Ehsan; Berglund, Emily Zechman

doi:10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0000475

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There are few studies of water contamination incidents and these have collected only limited data on warning response, so the present study is a significant contribution to the scientific knowledge needed to support the effective management of water contamination incidents by water utilities, emergency managers, and public health officials Rasekh, Brumbelow, and Lindell 2014;Rasekh, Shafiee, Zechman, and Brumbelow 2014;Shafiee and Berglund 2014). One particularly important finding is the major role of informal peer networks, which rivalled the news media as a first source of warning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Predicting Residents’ Responses to the May 1–4, 2010, Boston Water Contamination Incident

Lindell

Huang²,

Prater

2017

International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters

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This study examined 110 local residents’ warning sources, warning channels, warning receipt times, message content, risk perception, and behavioral responses (warning confirmation, and consumption of untreated tap water, boiled water, bottled water, and personally chlorinated water) during the May 1–4 2010 Boston water contamination incident. Most residents received warnings from peers and news media and these warnings mentioned 2.35 of five recommended elements of a warning message—most commonly the threat and the recommended protective action. TV was the most frequent channel for additional information, partly because it was the most frequent channel of routine information, but the Internet was also a common channel for additional information. Consumption of untreated tap water declined, consumption of personally chlorinated water remained negligible, and consumption of boiled water and bottled water increased during the incident. Warning receipt from an authority increased consumption of boiled water, whereas receipt of a less specific warning tended to increase consumption of bottled water. The distribution of warning times followed a logistic (S-shaped) distribution, with the largest increase taking place during prime TV news time (4–6pm). These results call attention to the need to increase the number of comprehensive warning response studies on rapid onset disasters to provide the basis for developing a comprehensive theory that can explain similarities and differences in responses to the full range of environmental hazards.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Predicting Residents’ Responses to the May 1–4, 2010, Boston Water Contamination Incident

Lindell

Huang²,

Prater

2017

International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters

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“…For example, aiming to minimize the consumption of contaminated water, Gavanelli et al [14] used heuristic methods to solve the scheduling problem when pollution events occurred, and genetic algorithm (GA) was used as a feasible tool to solve the optimization simulation problem. Rasekh and Brumbelow [15] established a dynamic decision support model that can adaptively simulate the time-varying emergency environment and track the changes of the best health protection response measures at each stage of an emergency in real time. Shafiee and Berglund [16] proposed a sensor-hydrant decision tree.…”

Section: Emergency Scheduling In Wdnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Scheduling Algorithm Based on Evolutionary Reinforcement Learning for Sudden Contaminant Events Under Uncertain Environment

Qiao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Complex Syst. Model. Simul.

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For sudden drinking water pollution event, reasonable opening or closing valves and hydrants in a water distribution network (WDN), which ensures the isolation and discharge of contaminant as soon as possible, is considered as an effective emergency measure. In this paper, we propose an emergency scheduling algorithm based on evolutionary reinforcement learning (ERL), which can train a good scheduling policy by the combination of the evolutionary computation (EC) and reinforcement learning (RL). Then, the optimal scheduling policy can guide the operation of valves and hydrants in real time based on sensor information, and protect people from the risk of contaminated water. Experiments verify our algorithm can achieve good results and effectively reduce the impact of pollution events.

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“…Shafiee and Zechman [11] proposed a flushing strategy that included the choice of hydrants and a decision on its opening and closing times based on considerations of sociotechnical factors among users, such as demographic and communication. Another research by Shafiee and Zechman [12] developed a decision-making approach that selected the best hydrant flushing strategies based on sensor-hydrant decision trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminant Flushing in Water Distribution Networks Incorporating Customer Faucet Control

Marlim

Kang

2022

Sustainability

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Contamination events in water distribution networks (WDNs) begin with contaminant inception in the network. WDNs respond to events according to the detection, stopping service, and recovery phases. The recovery phase aims to remove hazardous substances by flushing them out so that the network can return to normal conditions. Flushing must be conducted efficiently and safely. The contaminated water is removed by allowing it to flow from outlet points in the network, which is enabled by displacing it with clean water from the source. Conventionally, a hydrant was used as the outlet point. Recent advancements in information and communication technology allow the use of electronic media to broadcast warnings and guidance rapidly. Water utilities can convey information to customers as part of the flushing scheme by notifying them to open and close their faucets at designated times. In this study, the viability of customer involvement in decontamination was examined. The proposed method was tested by evaluating its effectiveness in terms of the time and volume of water needed for decontamination, and the change in hydraulics to drain a fully contaminated district metered area (DMA). A comparable performance to hydrant flushing was found after testing in two actual DMA-sized WDNs.

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Real-Time Guidance for Hydrant Flushing Using Sensor-Hydrant Decision Trees

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Predicting Residents’ Responses to the May 1–4, 2010, Boston Water Contamination Incident

Predicting Residents’ Responses to the May 1–4, 2010, Boston Water Contamination Incident

Dynamic Scheduling Algorithm Based on Evolutionary Reinforcement Learning for Sudden Contaminant Events Under Uncertain Environment

Contaminant Flushing in Water Distribution Networks Incorporating Customer Faucet Control

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