Real-Time Electrochemical Monitoring:  Toward Green Analytical Chemistry

Wang, Joseph

doi:10.1021/ar010066e

Cited by 203 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…BeerLambert's law is obeyed between 0.5 and 0.8 ppm. The slope of the curve compares well with that of thiocyanate method 2 . The limit of detection (3.3  /S, where σ is the standard deviation of the slope and S is the mean slope of the calibration curve n = 3) was found to be 0.2 ppm Mo 6+ and the limit of quantification (10 /S) was found to be 0.5 ppm Mo 6+ .…”

supporting

confidence: 56%

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Spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum with Syzygium jambolanum DC leaf extracts

Mudakavi¹,

Puttanna²

2015

Current Science

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A new spectrophotometric method for the determination of molybdenum in industrial materials has been developed using the leaf extract of Syzygium jambolanum DC based on the reaction of Mo (VI) at pH 7.0 to produce an orange-yellow complex with an absorption maximum at 426 nm. The molar absorptivity of the complex is 4.27  10 4 l mol -1 cm -1 and the absorbance, is linear in the range 0.05-0.8 ppm. Sandell sensitivity coefficient was found to be 2.25  10 -3 g/cm 2 . The method is ten times more sensitive than the aqueous thiocyanate system. It has been applied successfully in micronutrient fertilizer, artificial freshwater and sea-water analyses.

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confidence: 56%

“…Green analytical chemistry (GAC) was started as a search for practical alternatives to the offline treatment of wastes and residues in order to replace toxic reagents and methodologies with clean ones [2][3][4][5][6][7] . Green analytical chemistry is essentially a part of the sustainable development concept.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum with Syzygium jambolanum DC leaf extracts

Mudakavi¹,

Puttanna²

2015

Current Science

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“…These experiences suggest that the best effort should be made to replace chloroform with other less hazardous solvent. Consideration for so-called green analytical chemistry [11][12][13][14] is especially important in research and teaching institutions where future scientists are in growth. It should be noted that the use of chloroform has been quite limited and seldom observed in industries for years [17][18][19] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Solvent Use in Research Institutions in Japan

et al. 2011

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In 2008-2009, types of organic solvents used and air-borne vapor concentrationswere surveyed in 1909 laboratories in four large research institutions in accordance with current regulations. The results were classified into 5 groups in terms of research fields (agriculture, biology, medicine, natural science, and technology and engineering) and evaluated after the regulatory rules. Laboratory air analyses by gas chromatography identified 5 and 20 solvents out of 7 Group 1 solvents and 40 Group 2 solvents, respectively; 10 solvents were used in more than 10% of the laboratories in each of the 5 research fields. The use of unmixed single solvent appeared to be unique in research laboratories in contrast to use of solvent mixtures in industrial facilities for production. Laboratories of technology and engineering fields used more various organic solvents more frequently, whereas use of xylenes appeared to be more specific to laboratories of bio-medical fields. Among the commonly used solvents, chloroform was the leading solvent to induce poorer results in regulatory classification (i.e., Class 3 in Administrative Control Classes) typically when applied in high pressure liquid chromatography which was too voluminous to be accommodated in a local exhaustion chamber.

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“…Mesmo no que concerne às técnicas eletroquímicas, verifica-se a existência de milhares de trabalhos sobre o assunto em que são abordados tópicos sobre novos materiais, aplicações em amostras ambientais, biológicas e de interesse industrial, novos métodos de fabricação, estratégias para melhoria na seletividade e nos limites de detecção, etc. O vigor nesta área é atestado pela publicação de 2678 artigos em igual período de tempo, selecionados com base nas palavras-chave "electrochemical and sensor" e "electrochemical and sensors", alguns dos quais consistindo em excelentes e abrangentes revisões relativamente recentes sobre o tema [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] . Aplicações destes dispositivos para obtenção de informações no campo e em amostras de interesse ambiental 23,24,30,33 exemplificam a importância desta área de pesquisa no contexto social, econômico e da saúde.…”

Section: Sensores Eletroquímicos: Um Panorama Resumidounclassified

Sensores eletroquímicos: considerações sobre mecanismos de funcionamento e aplicações no monitoramento de espécies químicas em ambientes microscópicos

Lowinsohn¹,

Bertotti²

2006

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 28/6/05; aceito em 18/1/06; publicado na web em 11/8/06 ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS IN MICROENVIRONMENTS. Electrochemical sensors have attracted considerable attention in recent years because they provide data about the chemical state of our surroundings and the dynamics of the chemical transformations in the form a spatially resolved image. Particular interest has been directed to measurements in restricted-volume samples as new technologies enable the fabrication of miniaturized versions of sensors with reproducible characteristics. Taking these aspects into consideration, this review focuses on the use of electrodes of micrometer dimensions to acquire chemical information in microdomains in which concentrations may not be spatially homogeneous. This is possible because microelectrodes allow fast-response measurements with micrometer resolution to be performed. On the other hand, the use of microelectrodes as amperometric sensors presents an inherent drawback owing to the insufficient specificity toward the substrate of interest. Hence, some comments on strategies to enhance the selectivity of amperometric sensors are also made. Finally, recent applications of structurally microscopic electrodes as in vivo sensors are shown, as well as a prospect of the future trend in this field.Keywords: electrochemical sensors; microelectrodes; in vivo measurements. INTRODUÇÃO O atual panorama da EletroanalíticaAs técnicas eletroquímicas constituem-se em poderosa ferramenta para os químicos analíticos na resolução de seus problemas, especialmente por causa de algumas características vantajosas como a elevada sensibilidade das determinações, custo moderado e portabilidade [1][2][3] . A versatilidade das técnicas eletroquímicas também merece destaque visto que é possível controlar as reações eletródicas modificando a interface eletrodo-solução e selecionando-se criteriosamente o potencial aplicado à célula. A facilidade de automação em virtude da medição de sinais elétricos, a possibilidade de proceder à especiação de íons metálicos em certos casos e a "compatibilidade ambiental", pois o reagente empregado é o elétron, também consistem em aspectos que conferem aos métodos eletroanalíticos uma posição de destaque no contexto da Química Analítica.Inerentes às propriedades acima destacadas, aparecem aspectos desvantajosos das medições eletroquímicas, principalmente quando comparadas às efetuadas com técnicas espectroscópicas. Um dos problemas refere-se à interação do eletrodo com a amostra, que em muitos casos ocasiona perda ou irreprodutibilidade nas medidas. O conjunto de compostos passíveis de determinação eletroanalítica também é menos abrangente que no caso das técnicas espectroscópicas. Finalmente, deve-se destacar a natural aversão às técnicas eletroquímicas em razão do sofisticado e nem sempre muito bem compreendido processo heterogêneo de transferência de elétrons que ocorre na interface eletrodo-solução.No atual panorama da Eletroanalítica, pesquisas nas quais se utilizam detector...

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Real-Time Electrochemical Monitoring: Toward Green Analytical Chemistry

Cited by 203 publications

References 39 publications

Spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum with Syzygium jambolanum DC leaf extracts

Spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum with Syzygium jambolanum DC leaf extracts

Organic Solvent Use in Research Institutions in Japan

Sensores eletroquímicos: considerações sobre mecanismos de funcionamento e aplicações no monitoramento de espécies químicas em ambientes microscópicos

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