Real-Time Electrical Load Emulator Using Optimal Feedback Control Technique

Rao, Yi; Chandorkar, Mukul C.

doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2037657

Cited by 109 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The turbine can be emulated by a suitable controlled motor that is coupled to the generator [36,37] by emulating the generator behavior by a suitable controlled three-phase power converter [38,39]. Differently, the load emulators exploit the characteristic of a power converter to show a variable impedance that can be used for loading PV sources or FCs as in [40] or as an electric machine to be connected to a grid under various load conditions [41] for microgrid test [42][43][44].…”

Section: The Role Of Emulators In Res Exploitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Emulator for Power Electronics Testing Applications

et al. 2021

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This article aims to develop a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer emulator. This emulator is realized through an equivalent electrical scheme. It allows taking into consideration the dynamic operation of PEM electrolyzers, which is generally neglected in the literature. PEM electrolyzer dynamics are reproduced by the use of supercapacitors, due to the high value of the equivalent double-layer capacitance value. Steady-state and dynamics operations are investigated in this work. The design criteria are addressed. The PEM electrolyzer emulator is validated by using a 400-W commercial PEM electrolyzer. This emulator is conceived to test new DC-DC converters to supply the PEM ELs and their control as well, avoiding the risk to damage a real electrolyzer for experiment purposes. The proposed approach is valid both for a single cell and for the whole stack emulation.

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Section: The Role Of Emulators In Res Exploitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Emulator for Power Electronics Testing Applications

et al. 2021

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“…Several topologies of PELs can be found in the scientific literature (single-phase, threephase, and DC) [3][4][5][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] from conventional topologies based on variable resistances [7] up to topologies based on joint operation of converters and inverters (such as boost, Buckboost, back to back, and multilevel) [3,7,21]. The most common PEL applications in MG for testing equipment are storage systems, uninterruptible power supplies, measurement, converters, and inverters (voltage source inverter, VSI) [6,19,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a Programmable Electronic Load for Equipment Testing

et al. 2022

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This paper presents the implementation of an AC three-phase programmable electronic load (PEL) that emulates load profiles and can be used for testing equipment in microgrids (MGs). The implemented PEL topology is built with a voltage source inverter (VSI) which works as a current controlled source and a Buck converter which permits the dissipation of active power excess. The PEL operation modes according to the interchange of active and reactive power and its operation in four quadrants were determined. The power and current limits which establish the control limitations were also obtained. Three control loops were implemented to independently regulate active and reactive power and ensure energy balance in the system. The main contribution of this paper is the presentation a detailed analysis regarding hardware limitations and the operation of the VSI and Buck converter working together. The PEL was implemented for a power of 1.8 kVA. Several experimental results were carried out with inductive, capacitive, and resistive scenarios to validate the proper operation of the PEL. Experimental tests showed the correct behavior of the AC three-phase currents, VSI input voltage, and Buck converter output voltage of the PEL for profile changes, including transient response.

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“…Given the wide range of applications for synchronizing circuits, and being the Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) the most used synchronizing circuit, due to its adaptability to different conditions [24], this paper presents a relevant and comprehensive comparison between two PLL schemes: The Enhanced PLL (E-PLL) [22], [25]- [28], and the PLL implemented in D-β coordinates (Dβ-PLL) [29] [30] modified to single-phase circuits. The Dβ-PLL corresponds to a pPLL type and can be understood as a type of Synchronous Reference Frame-PLL (SRF-PLL) [31]- [32]. On the other hand, the E-PLL can be considered as a Quadrature Signal Generation-Based PLL (QSG-PLL) [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis between different approaches for single-phase PLLs

Monteiro¹,

Pinto²,

Monteiro³

et al. 2022

IJPELEC

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This paper presents a comparative analysis between two distinct synchronizing circuits, which are usually applied as the core of control algorithms for single-phase power quality applications. One of these synchronizing circuits corresponds to a single-phase Phase-Locked Loop (PLL), implemented in α-β coordinates (D Dβ-PLL), whereas the other one corresponds to the Enhanced PLL (E-PLL). The major contribution of this paper is to present a single-phase PLL oriented to power quality applications, with a very simple structure, capable to be synchronized with the fundamental component of an input signal (voltage or current), even considering substantial disturbances, such as, frequency deviations, phase shifts, harmonic components and amplitude variations. Simulation and experimental results, involving these two synchronizing circuits submitted to three different test cases, are provided in order to compare their transient and steady-state performance. Moreover, it is also presented a comparison involving the processing speed and memory requirements of these synchronizing circuits in the DSP TMS320F28335.

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Real-Time Electrical Load Emulator Using Optimal Feedback Control Technique

Cited by 109 publications

References 28 publications

Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Emulator for Power Electronics Testing Applications

Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Emulator for Power Electronics Testing Applications

Implementation of a Programmable Electronic Load for Equipment Testing

Comparative analysis between different approaches for single-phase PLLs

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