Real-Time Driver’s Biological Signal Monitoring System

Abstract

A real-time system is presented for monitoring the driver's biological signals, including respiration, the gripping force, and a photoplethysmogram (PPG). The proposed monitoring system is composed of three biological sensors, an interface circuit, a data acquisition (DAQ) board, and a personal computer (PC). The respiration and gripping force signals are obtained from pressure sensors attached to the seat belt and steering wheel, respectively. The PPG signal is acquired from a PPG sensor that consists of a light-emitting diode (LED) and a phototransistor (PT) attached to the steering wheel. The characteristics of the biological sensors used in the proposed monitoring system are comparable to those of proven sensors. A real-time monitoring program used to display and analyze the three biological signals is also developed using LabView, and used to calculate and display the peak amplitude and interval of the PPG and respiration signals, along with the driver's gripping force applied to the steering wheel. The results show that the proposed real-time driver's biological signal monitoring system can be effectively utilized for measuring a driver's state of vigilance.

Estimation Methods for Viscosity, Flow Rate and Pressure from Pump-Motor Assembly Parameters

“…Various groups have already shown the feasibility of Q and ∆p estimation for heart assist devices from other signals such as ω and motor power-P [10,11], ω, and motor torque-τ [12,13], ω and I [14][15][16][17][18], or even impeller radial displacement [19]. Almost all also considered the effects of blood viscosity µ [10][11][12][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Most of the efforts are focused on steady state estimation or averaging over many samples [10,11,19].…”