Real‐time Conversion of Electrochemical Currents into Fluorescence Signals Using 8‐Hydroxypyrene‐1,3,6‐trisulfonic Acid (HPTS) and Amplex Red as Fluorogenic Reporters

Abstract

This paper elaborates on an instrumental scheme for translating electrochemical reactions occurring at an electrode under potentiostatic control into fluorescent signals. We examine the performance enhancement of this device using recently introduced water-soluble fluorescent reporter systems, either the pH-sensitive 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS) system or the electrofluorogenic Amplex Red species. The conversion of stationary and transient, cathodic and anodic electrochemical currents into fluorescence is demonstrated. We show that pure capacitive currents can also be converted to fluorescence by our setup, highlighting the rarely observed coupling between a faradaic reaction at one electrode and capacitive charging at another.

The New Era of High-Throughput Nanoelectrochemistry

“…The imaging strategy can be coupled with both electroactive or a pH-sensitive fluorogenic species that fluoresces upon (electro)chemical transformation. 368,369 As a single-electron transfer can result in multiple photon emission, transducing electrochemical events into light emission can dramatically enhance the detection sensitivity up to single electron transfer events. Using an ECL reaction at the detection pole allows, in principle, higher sensitivity (lower noise).…”

“…By observing optically the opposite pole electrode surface by FM, one can obtain an image of the reaction of interest of the nonfluorogenic species. The imaging strategy can be coupled with both electroactive or a pH-sensitive fluorogenic species that fluoresces upon (electro)­chemical transformation. , …”

The new era of high throughput nanoelectrochemistry

“…The imaging strategy can be coupled with both electroactive or a pH-sensitive fluorogenic species that fluoresces upon (electro)chemical transformation. 369,370 As a single-electron transfer can result in multiple photon emission, transducing electrochemical events into light emission can dramatically enhance the detection sensitivity up to single electron-transfer events. Using an ECL reaction at the detection pole allows, in principle, higher sensitivity (lower noise).…”

Aluminum–nitrogen co‐doping improves the blue emission of ZnO films: A combined theoretical–experimental study

“…Ahsaine et al [8] combined DFT and experimental study to investigate the photocatalytic and electrochemical properties of nanocrystalline ZnO and La-doped ZnO nanopowders. Our recent DFT simulation results show that NO 2 and SO 2 gases are chemically adsorbed on ZnO based heterojunctions [9].Interestingly, for the application of electrochemical communication, in order to improve the signal intensity, researchers have realized the real-time conversion of electrochemical current into fluorescence signal [10]. In addition, the visible-light emitting ZnO fluorescent material has also been used as safe and highly effective nanoprobes [11].…”

“…Interestingly, for the application of electrochemical communication, in order to improve the signal intensity, researchers have realized the real-time conversion of electrochemical current into fluorescence signal [10]. In addition, the visible-light emitting ZnO fluorescent material has also been used as safe and highly effective nanoprobes [11].…”