Real-time control for services provided by battery energy storage systems in a residential low voltage grid with a large amount of PV

Abstract

This paper presents real-time control strategies for peak shaving and voltage control provided by a Battery Energy Storage System in a low voltage grid. Two performance indices, one for peak shaving and one for voltage control, are proposed to quantify the results. The strategies are compared with a benchmark which is calculated as an ex post optimization that solves the control problem together with the sizing problem. First, a rule-based strategy for peak shaving is presented which only injects active power. Afterwards, the strategy is extended with voltage control through reactive power injection. In the latter case, an optimization problem is solved at each time step to decide at which rate active and reactive power should be injected.

Optimal hybridisation and management of PV/batteries hybrid systems in residential distribution networks

“…To this, works with aims to improve the penetration rates of PV systems [1], minimise lines losses of the grid [2], peak shaving [3], voltage control [4] by assessing at the same time the economic aspects [5] were proposed. To a lesser extent, on-line energy management strategies (EMS) [6,7] and decentralised algorithms are also available [8].…”

Reactive power control for an energy storage system: A real implementation in a Micro-Grid

“…The reactive power control is part of CEI 0-16 and CEI 0-21, Italian standards defining the rules of connection of active and passive users to the grid (Delfanti et al, 2015). The aim of the monitoring activity was to define the best BESS's control in a Micro-Grid to provide ancillary services to the main grid, in particular, a reactive power service provided by the MV/LV transformer (Cavey et al, 2013). The later permits to use the BESS not only for energy and active power service but also to help the grid to stay stable and to increase the power quality in the presence of renewable generations.…”