“…HFPS has been in use for many decades in multiple disciplines such as aviation and management (Bienefeld & Grote, 2014;Rigby, 2015;Tomczyk, 2010), health professions (Chopra et al, 1994;Hussain et al, 2016;King et al, 2016;Rogers et al, 2000), as well as airport mass casualty emergency response teams (Lawrence, 2016). The phrase psychologically safe learning environment does not appear in the literature; however, when broken into psychological safety and safe learning environment, more literature is found.…”