Real-time colorimetric hydration sensor for sport activities

Zhou, Yubin; Han, Htet; Naw, Hnin Pwint Phyuson; Lammy, Alice Venecia; Goh, Chee Hong; Boujday, Souhir; Steele, Terry W. J.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.06.078

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…One of the proposed uses of sweat composition as a biomarker is the prediction of hydration status from sweat electrolyte concentrations or some ratio of [Na], [Cl], and/or [K] [186][187][188][189]. However, a fundamental issue with this assertion is that sweat [Na] and [Cl] are known to vary considerably within and among individuals; and a change in hydration status is only one of many factors that could play a role in this variability [132].…”

Section: Sweat Composition As a Biomarkermentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of sweat gland function: The roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health

2019

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The purpose of this comprehensive review is to: 1) review the physiology of sweat gland function and mechanisms determining the amount and composition of sweat excreted onto the skin surface; 2) provide an overview of the well-established thermoregulatory functions and adaptive responses of the sweat gland; and 3) discuss the state of evidence for potential non-thermoregulatory roles of sweat in the maintenance and/or perturbation of human health. The role of sweating to eliminate waste products and toxicants seems to be minor compared with other avenues of excretion via the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract; as eccrine glands do not adapt to increase excretion rates either via concentrating sweat or increasing overall sweating rate. Studies suggesting a larger role of sweat glands in clearing waste products or toxicants from the body may be an artifact of methodological issues rather than evidence for selective transport. Furthermore, unlike the renal system, it seems that sweat glands do not conserve water loss or concentrate sweat fluid through vasopressin-mediated water reabsorption. Individuals with high NaCl concentrations in sweat (e.g. cystic fibrosis) have an increased risk of NaCl imbalances during prolonged periods of heavy sweating; however, sweat-induced deficiencies appear to be of minimal risk for trace minerals and vitamins. Additional research is needed to elucidate the potential role of eccrine sweating in skin hydration and microbial defense. Finally, the utility of sweat composition as a biomarker for human physiology is currently limited; as more research is needed to determine potential relations between sweat and blood solute concentrations.

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Section: Sweat Composition As a Biomarkermentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of sweat gland function: The roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health

2019

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“…Chloride and pH have been chosen as they are two common parameters analysed for wearable sensing applications owing to their relevance in human biomarkers monitoring 46 . As a matter of fact, their simultaneous detection allows for an overview of hydration status 47 , fatigue 48 , alkalosis 49 , metabolic reactions 50 and the physiological conditions. It is worth to note that the Cl − concentration in sweat (10–100 mM) 40 , which is a body fluid easier to access compared to serum (96–106 mM) 51 or urine (15–40 mM) 52 , allows to make significant progress in developing textile electrochemical sensors without requiring sub-mM limit of detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile sensors platform for the selective and simultaneous detection of chloride ion and pH in sweat

Possanzini

Decataldo

Mariani

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The development of wearable sensors, in particular fully-textile ones, is one of the most interesting open challenges in bioelectronics. Several and significant steps forward have been taken in the last decade in order to achieve a compact, lightweight, cost-effective, and easy to wear platform for healthcare and sport activities real-time monitoring. We have developed a fully textile, multi-thread biosensing platform that can detect different bioanalytes simultaneously without interference, and, as an example, we propose it for testing chloride ions (Cl−) concentration and pH level. The textile sensors are simple threads, based on natural and synthetic fibers, coated with the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene-sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and properly functionalized with either a nano-composite material or a chemical sensitive dye to obtain Cl− and pH selective sensing functionality, respectively. The single-thread sensors show excellent sensitivity, reproducibility, selectivity, long term stability and the ability to work with small volumes of solution. The performance of the developed textile devices is demonstrated both in buffer solution and in artificial human perspiration to perform on-demand and point-of-care epidermal fluids analysis. The possibility to easily knit or sew the thread sensors into fabrics opens up a new vision for a textile wearable multi-sensing platform achievable in the near future.

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“…A wide variety of techniques and models were proposed for direct measuring of human body content through bioelectrical impedance-based measurements or, alternatively, through the analysis of chemical composition and concentration in sweat [ 16 , 110 , 111 , 112 ]. Bioelectrical impedance is the most popular and conventionally used technique, and it contains two electrodes mounted on the human body with a low-amplitude alternating current passed through them.…”

Section: Wearable Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Printing Flexible and Wearable Sensing Electronics for Healthcare Applications

Khan

Ali

Bermak

2019

Sensors

166

121

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Wearable biosensors attract significant interest for their capabilities in real-time monitoring of wearers’ health status, as well as the surrounding environment. Sensor patches are embedded onto the human epidermis accompanied by data readout and signal conditioning circuits with wireless communication modules for transmitting data to the computing devices. Wearable sensors designed for recognition of various biomarkers in human epidermis fluids, such as glucose, lactate, pH, cholesterol, etc., as well as physiological indicators, i.e., pulse rate, temperature, breath rate, respiration, alcohol, activity monitoring, etc., have potential applications both in medical diagnostics and fitness monitoring. The rapid developments in solution-based nanomaterials offered a promising perspective to the field of wearable sensors by enabling their cost-efficient manufacturing through printing on a wide range of flexible polymeric substrates. This review highlights the latest key developments made in the field of wearable sensors involving advanced nanomaterials, manufacturing processes, substrates, sensor type, sensing mechanism, and readout circuits, and ends with challenges in the future scope of the field. Sensors are categorized as biological and fluidic, mounted directly on the human body, or physiological, integrated onto wearable substrates/gadgets separately for monitoring of human-body-related analytes, as well as external stimuli. Special focus is given to printable materials and sensors, which are key enablers for wearable electronics.

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Real-time colorimetric hydration sensor for sport activities

Cited by 36 publications

References 21 publications

Physiology of sweat gland function: The roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health

Physiology of sweat gland function: The roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health

Textile sensors platform for the selective and simultaneous detection of chloride ion and pH in sweat

Recent Developments in Printing Flexible and Wearable Sensing Electronics for Healthcare Applications

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