Real time breast microwave radar image reconstruction using circular holography: A study of experimental feasibility

Abstract

The results show that circular holography is capable of forming accurate images with signal to noise levels higher than 8 dB in quasi real time. Compared to BMR reconstruction algorithms tested on datasets containing dense tissue structures, the holographic approach generated images of similar spatial accuracy with higher signal to noise ratios and an acceleration factor of one order of magnitude.

New horizons for microwave applications using spin caloritronics

“…For the purpose of demonstration, the object is a polymerdistilled water mixture sphere with a 3 cm diameter, which has a dielectric constant of 30-36 and a conductivity of 1.6 S/m to simulate fibroglandular tissue [32]. The object is located at a distance of about 5.3 cm away from the rotational axis.…”

“…Mathematically, the phase of the reflection varies according to the distance between the horn antenna, the target and the sensor following the equation Φ ¼ ωDðθÞ=c, where DðθÞ is the signal travel distance at the scan location θ. For broadband microwave measurements, the phase differences between the frequencies lead to the formation of a phase modulated signal with the form [32][33][34]:…”

Investigation of Classifiers for Tumor Detection With an Experimental Time-Domain Breast Screening System

“…Numerous methods have been proposed and investigated for recreating such images, for instance, [8,11,12]; however, such methods can require high levels of mathematical and computational complexity. In the study presented here, we aim to avoid image reconstruction altogether in favor of classification techniques.…”

“…Tomography aims to reproduce a full map of the dielectric properties of tissues inside the breast (for example, in [2][3][4]), whereas radar systems look to plot only regions of high dielectric scatters (e.g., the interface between healthy and malignant tissues) [5][6][7]. Further, each type of system can record measurements either in the frequency-domain (typically using a vector network analyzer (VNA)) [5,8], or in the time-domain (using a pulse generator and an oscilloscope) [7,9,10].…”

Microwave Breast Screening in the Time-Domain: Identification and Compensation of Measurement-Induced Uncertainties

“…Microwave imaging has the potential to offer several advantages, including low-cost and comfortable scans; it also does not use the ionizing radiation that mammography requires. Several experimental microwave breast imaging systems have been demonstrated in the literature, most of which operate based on measurements in the frequency domain [1][2][3][4][5]. However, a system that performs measurements in the time domain could be advantageous in terms of improved cost-effectiveness and faster signal recording time [6].…”