Real-time bluetooth communication between an FPGA based embedded system and an Android phone

Hawayek, Samer; Hargrove, Claude; Bousaba, Nabila A.

doi:10.1109/secon.2013.6567418

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This unit handles the data, preparing them for the transmission to an external module (HC-05). The system uses for the data transceiver the Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART) protocol [21]. Each transmitted data packet is made up of six frames of 10 bits.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field Programmable Gate Array-Embedded Platform for Dynamic Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity Monitoring

Venuto

Mezzina

2019

Sensors

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This paper proposes a novel architecture of a wearable Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based platform to dynamically monitor Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity (MFCV). The system uses a set of wireless sensors for the detection of muscular activation: four surface electromyography electrodes (EMGs) and two footswitches. The beginning of movement (trigger) is set by sensors (footswitches) detecting the feet position. The MFCV value extraction exploits an iterative algorithm, which compares two 1-bit digitized EMG signals. The EMG electrode positioning is ensured by a dedicated procedure. The architecture is implemented on FPGA board (Altera Cyclone V), which manages an external Bluetooth module for data transmission. The time spent for data elaboration is 63.5 ms ± 0.25 ms, matching real-time requirements. The FPGA-based MFCV estimator has been validated during regular walking and in the fatigue monitoring context. Six healthy subjects contributed to experimental validation. In the gait analysis, the subjects showed MFCV evaluation of about 7.6 m/s ± 0.36 m/s, i.e., <0.1 m/s, a typical value for healthy subjects. Furthermore, in agreement with current research methods in the field, in a fatigue evaluation context, the extracted data showed an MFCV descending trend with the increment of the muscular effort time (Rested: MFCV = 8.51 m/s; Tired: 4.60 m/s).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each transmitted data packet is made up of six frames of 10 bits. Of these 10 bits, 8 bits contain the data to be sent, one bit is placed before and one after the string [21]. Specifically, the Most Significant Bit (MSB) is preceded by a ‘0’, and the LSB is followed by a ‘1’.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Programmable Gate Array-Embedded Platform for Dynamic Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity Monitoring

Venuto

Mezzina

2019

Sensors

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“…A secure digital (SD) card is a small flash memory card used in automobile navigation systems, cellular phones, e-books, PDAs, smart phones, digital cameras, music players, digital video camcorders, and personal computers [27]. The SD card has a high data transfer rate and low power consumption, both of which are important features for portable devices.…”

Section: Sd-cardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of the advanced encryption standard algorithm on an FPGA for image processing through the universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter protocol

Prasanna

Siddaiah

et al. 2022

IJECE

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<span lang="EN-US">Communication among end users can be based either on wired or wireless technology. Cryptography plays a vital role in ensuring data exchange is secure among end users. Data can be encrypted and decrypted using symmetric or asymmetric key cryptographic techniques to provide confidentiality. In wireless technology, images are exchanged through low-cost wireless peripheral devices, such as radio frequency identification device (RFID), nRF, and ZigBee, that can interface with field programmable gate array (FPGA) among the end users. One of the issues is that data exchange through wireless devices does not offer confidentiality, and subsequently, data can be lost. In this paper, we propose a design and implementation of AES-128 cipher algorithm on an FPGA board for image processing through the <a name="_Hlk107307233"></a>universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) protocol. In this process, the advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm is used to encrypt and decrypt the image, while the transmitter and receiver designs are implemented on two Xilinx BASYS-3 circuits connected with a ZigBee RF module. The encrypted image uses less memory, such as LUTs (141), and also consumes less chip power (0.0291 w), I/O (0.003), block RAM (0.001 w), data, and logic to provide much higher efficiency than wired communication technology. We also observe that images can be exchanged through the UART protocol with different baud rates in run time.</span>

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“…Mizumura et al created a system that optimizes the time required for a file to reach multiple devices using Wi-Fi Direct [23]. Bluetooth is used for sharing the data files in the small range [24,25]. In all of these studies, the radio waves are used to detect the target devices.…”

Section: Data Sharing By the Radio Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling of communication connection range using acoustic waves emitted from smartphones

Moriyama

Kawakita

Takahashi

et al. 2018

J Reliable Intell Environ

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The development of smartphones and other portable devices has expanded new ways of communication and collaboration both in private and business settings where there are used e.g. for sharing files and other information. However, this communication is not always secure and can be intercepted by a third party in the vicinity. This paper proposes an intelligent communication control mechanism where the shared information is accessible only within a physically limited space. Normally, existing communication methods based on radio waves (Wi-Fi or Bluetooth) are accessible to anyone within a specific range; thus, they are susceptible to breach and communication eavesdrop beyond walls. Our proposed method is based on an association scheme whereby the sending smartphone can restrict the communication range by controlling an acoustic wave's magnitude and frequency. Thus, unlike radio waves, it is possible to send the signal to devices located in a specific range, where the client devices exist, after recognizing the distance and angle between devices. Our experiments by sharing signals among smartphones indicate that it is possible to unidirectionally control the sharing range while sharply reducing any possibility to eavesdrop on the communication.

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Real-time bluetooth communication between an FPGA based embedded system and an Android phone

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Field Programmable Gate Array-Embedded Platform for Dynamic Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity Monitoring

Field Programmable Gate Array-Embedded Platform for Dynamic Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity Monitoring

Implementation of the advanced encryption standard algorithm on an FPGA for image processing through the universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter protocol

Controlling of communication connection range using acoustic waves emitted from smartphones

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