“…Gold standard episodic memory tests fail to capture the first symptomatic manifestation of AD (Coughlan et al, 2018b;Jessen et al, 2014;Zimermann et al, 2019) and therefore, alternative diagnostic tools are urgently required. Spatial navigation has emerged as a critical diagnostic tool in the clinical AD and mild cognitively impaired cohorts due to its sensitivity and specificity for AD pathophysiology (Hort et al, 2014(Hort et al, , 2007Howett et al, 2019;Laczó et al, 2009;Lester et al, 2017;Mokrisova et al, 2016;Pai and Jacobs, 2004;Serino and Riva, 2013;Tu et al, 2015;Vlček, K., & Laczó, 2014). For example, spatial navigation tasks, such as the Virtual Supermarket Test (VST) can distinguish AD from other dementias and have been implemented in many high-profile clinical trials as treatment outcome measures.…”