REAL Men: A Group-Randomized Trial of an HIV Prevention Intervention for Adolescent Boys

DiIorio, Colleen; McCarty, Frances; Resnicow, Ken; Lehr, Sally; Denzmore, Pamela

doi:10.2105/ajph.2005.073411

Cited by 111 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Evidence-based interventions have successfully strengthened relationships between black fathers and sons in other settings 18,28 ; similar programs may provide a promising direction for future health-promotion efforts with YBMSM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 Furthermore, communication is amenable to augmentation through public health interventions; a father-son intervention improved levels of paternal communication about sex, leading to increased abstinence in a predominantly black sample. 28 Further analyses in the same cohort suggested that this relationship between father-son communication and sexual risk reduction was mediated by increases in the sons' self-efficacy for abstinence. 29 Other studies, however, have found null or even negative effects of father-son communication on sexual risk behaviors and attitudes, 26 suggesting that such communication is highly variable (e.g., in terms of timing, tone, and content) and may have heterogeneous effects on behavior as a result.…”

Section: Communication About Sexmentioning

confidence: 95%

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A Qualitative Analysis of Father–Son Relationships among HIV-Positive Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men

et al. 2014

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Young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) are experiencing high and rising rates of HIV infection, more than any other age-risk group category in the USA. Contributors to HIV risk in this group remain incompletely elucidated. We conducted exploratory qualitative interviews with 20 HIV-positive YBMSM aged 17-24 and found that father-son relationships were perceived to be important sociocontextual influences in participants' lives. Participants discussed the degree of their fathers' involvement in their lives, emotional qualities of the father-son relationship, communication about sex, and masculine socialization. Participants also described pathways linking father-son relationships to HIV risk, which were mediated by psychological and situational risk scenarios. Our thematic analysis suggests that father-son relationships are important to the psychosocial development of YBMSM, with the potential to either exacerbate or attenuate sexual risk for HIV. Interventions designed to strengthen father-son relationships may provide a promising direction for future health promotion efforts in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Communication About Sexmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Qualitative Analysis of Father–Son Relationships among HIV-Positive Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men

et al. 2014

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“…45,46,[48][49][50][51] Because of heterogeneity in how this communication domain was defined (ie, number of new topics discussed, repeated topics, individual topics discussed, percentage of topics discussed, mean number of topics discussed, and percentage that reported lower scores from scale measures), it is difficult to summarize the findings. In general, parents reported an increase in the content of communication, whereas adolescent reports were highly varied.…”

Section: Content Of Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] The studies were published in 11 journals that represent a variety of disciplinary fields including psychology, 46,50,52 family relations, 44,53,54 adolescent health, 47,55 general medicine, 51 public health, 48 nursing, 56 and sexual health. 49 …”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…46,51 Onethird of the studies specifically targeted fathers 48 or mothers, 46,50,56 and the remainder included predominantly mothers despite both parents being eligible. Participants in 3 studies consisted mostly of white respondents, [53][54][55] 6 included predominantly black respondents, 44,45,[47][48][49][50] and the remainder included samples with more than 2 racial/ethnic groups. 46,51,52 …”

Section: Intervention Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interventions to Improve Parental Communication About Sex: A Systematic Review

2011

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CONTEXT: The relative effectiveness of interventions to improve parental communication with adolescents about sex is not known. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effectiveness and methodologic quality of interventions for improving parental communication with adolescents about sex. METHODS:We searched 6 databases: OVID/Medline, PsychInfo, ERIC, Cochrane Review, Communication and Mass Media, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. We included studies published between 1980 and July 2010 in peer-reviewed English-language journals that targeted US parents of adolescents aged 11 to 18 years, used an experimental or quasi-experimental design, included a control group, and had a pretest/posttest design. We abstracted data on multiple communication outcomes defined by the integrative conceptual model (communication frequency, content, skills, intentions, selfefficacy, perceived environmental barriers/facilitators, perceived social norms, attitudes, outcome expectations, knowledge, and beliefs). Methodologic quality was assessed using the 11-item methodologic quality score. RESULTS:Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Compared with controls, parents who participated in these interventions experienced improvements in multiple communication domains including the frequency, quality, intentions, comfort, and self-efficacy for communicating. We noted no effects on parental attitudes toward communicating or the outcomes they expected to occur as a result of communicating. Four studies were of high quality, 7 were of medium quality, and 1 was of lower quality. Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). CONCLUSIONS: 494AKERS et al by guest on May 10, 2018 http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/ Downloaded from Adolescent sexual behavior is a normal developmental milestone. However, the social and public health consequences of adolescent sexual activity are tremendous. Of the 18 million sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in the United States each year, 1,2 half occur in adolescents. [3][4][5] Pregnancy affects 750 000 adolescents annually, 80% of which are unintended. 6 Despite recent declines in the number of sexually active adolescents, engagement in risky sexual behaviors remains problematic. 7 Adolescents who recall a parent talking with them about sex are more likely to report delaying sexual initiation [8][9][10] and increasing condom 8,11,12 and contraceptive 11,13 use. In light of these findings, interventions for improving parental communication about sex have been developed. 14 Although dozens of interventions exist, they have not been rigorously compared. We sought to examine whether interventions for improving parental communication with adolescents about sex are effective at strengthening multiple communication domains and to assess the methodologic quality of these interventions. METHODSWith the assistance of health science librarians, 6 databases were searched: OVID/Medline (1980 to July 2010), PsychInfo (1980 to July 2010), ERIC (1980 to July 2010), Cochrane Review (until...

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Interventions to Reduce Sexual Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Adolescents

Johnson

Scott-Sheldon²,

Huedo‐Medina³

et al. 2011

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

191

141

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REAL Men: A Group-Randomized Trial of an HIV Prevention Intervention for Adolescent Boys

Abstract: The study demonstrates that fathers can serve as an important educator on HIV prevention and sexuality for their sons.

Cited by 111 publications

References 17 publications

A Qualitative Analysis of Father–Son Relationships among HIV-Positive Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men

A Qualitative Analysis of Father–Son Relationships among HIV-Positive Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men

Interventions to Improve Parental Communication About Sex: A Systematic Review

Interventions to Reduce Sexual Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Adolescents

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