“…Because there were many more functional studies included in the alphabetic group than in the morpho-syllabic group, and most of the morpho-syllabic studies focused on children, the language difference may be due to these differences in the two groups of studies. To avoid influences of these factors, we selected ten English studies (Booth et al, 2007a;Cao et al, 2008;Farris et al, 2016;Hancock et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2010;Langer et al, 2015;Meyler et al, 2008;Olulade et al, 2015;Rimrodt et al, 2009;Temple et al, 2001) and ten Chinese studies (Cao et al, 2018(Cao et al, , 2020Feng et al, 2017;Hu et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2012Liu et al, , 2013bSiok et al, 2004Siok et al, , 2008Siok et al, , 2009Yang & Tan, 2020) for further confirmation analysis. The two subgroups were matched on participants' age (mean age = 10.95 years for English studies, mean age = 11.40 years for Chinese studies) and task (visual word tasks).…”