Readiness to change smoking behavior in adolescents with psychiatric disorders

Abstract

There has been recent increased interest in utilizing motivational interviewing (MI) to increase adolescents readiness to quit smoking, but attempts to impact quit rates have thus far been discouraging. A better understanding of factors associated with adolescent readiness to quit smoking prior to receiving any intervention may provide guidance when tailoring future MI interventions in order to increase their effectiveness with this population. Adolescent smokers (N = 191) who had been admitted to a psychiatric hospital and enrolled in a clinical trial evaluating MI completed questionnaires that assessed smoking behavior and variables thought to be related to smoking. Confidence to quit smoking and negative beliefs about smoking were significant predictors of adolescents' baseline readiness to quit smoking. The failure to demonstrate relationships between health consequences and readiness suggest that caution may be warranted in the use of feedback, a common component of MI-based interventions. Such feedback tends to focus on health consequences, which was unrelated to adolescent baseline readiness to change smoking behavior in the current study. Parallels between current results and the Theory of Planned Behavior are discussed in consideration of developing more effective MI-based interventions for adolescent smokers.

Adolescent Depression and Future Smoking Behavior: A Prospective Study

“…Because of the addictive effects of nicotine, smokers have difficulty quitting. Predictors of smoking cessation include influences from other adolescent non-smokers, readiness to change, confidence to quit smoking, and negative beliefs about smoking predicted readiness for smoking cessation (Apodaca et al 2007;Stanton et al 2006). Zhu et al (1999) conducted a study on data from the National Teenage Attitudes and Practices Survey I and II.…”

Incorporating a Smoking Cessation Intervention into Lung Cancer Screening Programs: Preliminary Studies

“…The survey also assessed current smokers’ readiness to quit and former smokers’ confidence in staying quit using the contemplation ladder (Apodaca, Abrantes, Ramsey, & Brown, 2007; Biener & Abrams, 1991). …”

Stakeholder Research Priorities for Smoking Cessation Interventions within Lung Cancer Screening Programs. An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement

“…Groups convened in person at facilitated meetings and/or by teleconference over a 2-month period (October–December 2016) to reach consensus on the selection of the most important measures for smoking cessation trials in the LDCT screening context. The following measures are publicly available: Demographics (date of birth, sex, race, ethnicity, education, and income)Psychological characteristics (depressive symptoms, measured by the K-6 [46])Perceived risk of developing lung cancer (“How likely do you think it is that you will develop lung cancer in your lifetime?” and “Compared with other smokers, what do you think your chance of getting lung cancer is in your lifetime?”)Lung cancer worry (“How worried are you about getting lung cancer in your lifetime?”)Family history of lung cancerFamily history of any cancerThe Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (47)The cessation Contemplation Ladder (48)Confidence/self-efficacy to quit (49)History of other tobacco use (50)Smoking status (“Have you smoked a cigarette, even a puff, in the past 7 days?” and “Have you smoked a cigarette, even a puff, in the past 30 days?”)…”