Reader variability in QT measurement due to measurement error and variability in leads selection: A simulation study comparing 2-way vs. 3-way interaction ANOVA model

Natekar, Mili; Karnad, Dilip R.; Salvi, Vaibhav; Ramasamy, Arumugam; Kerkar, Vaibhav; Panicker, Gopi Krishna; Kothari, Snehal

doi:10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2013.09.035

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…By employing a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), it was anticipated that more diverse results could be obtained by comparing the pre-and post-pandemic periods. However, Natekar et al [41] caution that utilizing a three-way ANOVA might complicate the interpretation of the results. Given the specific focus of this study on comparing adolescent physical activity during and after COVID-19, it was decided not to include additional factors such as the economic level of families, level of academic achievement, and measurement period (during and after COVID-19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Physical Activity Patterns among Korean Adolescents during and after COVID-19

Yun

Lee

2023

Healthcare

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Due to the COVID-19-induced social distancing restrictions, adolescents’ physical activity declined and their level of health and fitness decreased. In March 2023, the Korean government established the beginning of the post-COVID-19 era by declaring that indoor masks were now “recommended” rather than “mandatory”. Consequently, adolescents, whose physical activity decreased during COVID-19, began to participate in such activities again. This study aimed to verify the differences in adolescent physical activity during COVID-19 and after COVID-19. To achieve the study’s purpose, an online survey was conducted twice, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, for 1143 Korean adolescents in 2022 and 2023. The following results were derived through frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, and an independent variables t-test. First, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was higher during the post-COVID-19 period than during COVID-19 (p = 0.018). Second, high-intensity (p = 0.018), moderate-intensity (p = 0.030), and low-intensity (p = 0.002) physical activities and total leisure-time physical activities (p = 0.003) were all higher during the post-COVID-19 period than during COVID-19. Third, high-intensity (p = 0.005), moderate-intensity (p = 0.003), low-intensity (p = 0.003) activities and total physical activities in school (p = 0.001) were all higher during the post-COVID-19 period than during COVID-19. Fourth, there was no difference in the commuting times for cycling (p = 0.515) and walking (p = 0.484) and the total physical activities during commuting (p = 0.375) during and after COVID-19. Based on these results, the methods to help adolescents form correct habits for leading a healthy life are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%