Reactor with Circulating Fuel Based on Molten Metal Fluorides for Np, Am, Cm Incineration

Ignatiev, V.; Abalin, S. S.; Gurov, M. Yu.; Zakirov, R. Ya.; Ignatiev, S.V.; Konakov, S. A.; Merzlyakov, A. V.; Surenkov, A. I.; Feynberg, O.

doi:10.1007/s10512-021-00722-x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The coolant should be compatible with the construction materials of the heat exchangers and should have good heat exchange and hydrodynamic functions. Such materials are supposed to demonstrate low vapor pressure in a wide range of operating temperatures from 500 to 850 • C and do not interact with the fuel in cases of leakage [3][4][5][6][7]. Special attention should be paid to the corrosion resistance of construction materials in fluoride salts [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Iron Fluoride and Molten FLiBe

et al. 2022

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The equilibrium potentials of iron in a LiF-BeF2-FeF2 melt were measured using the EMF method and were dependent upon the temperature and iron fluoride concentrations. The empirical equations for the isotherms and equilibrium polytherms of the iron fluoride concentration were obtained. The cathode polarization of iron fluoride in the molten mixture of lithium and beryllium fluoride was measured using the current switch off method from the stationary state. It was found that in the studied temperature and concentration ranges of iron fluoride in the LiF-BeF2 electrolyte, the valence state of iron in the melt is mainly +2. According to the experimental values of the equilibrium potentials of the iron electrode in the LiF-BeF2-FeF2 melt, the conditional standard potentials of iron were calculated relative to the fluoride reference electrode in the molten mixture of lithium and beryllium fluoride. The conditional standard values of the Gibbs energy change were calculated at the formation of iron difluoride from the element in the form of dilute solutions, as were the thermodynamic values (enthalpy and entropy) when iron difluoride was mixed with LiF-BeF2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Iron Fluoride and Molten FLiBe

et al. 2022

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“…12 Molten fluoride and chloride mixtures media proved to be more cost-efficient than aqueous media, as degradation processes caused by the process of water radiolysis are eliminated and the total exposure time required for processing of spent nuclear fuel with high burnup is reduced. [13][14][15] Uranium fluoride, dissolved in the molten salt media (for instance, LiF-BeF 2 ), is one of the key components of the molten salt nuclear reactor. 16 That is why it is important to understand the mechanism of interaction between uranium fluoride and molten mixture of lithium and beryllium fluorides.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction Between Uranium Trifluoride and the Mixture of Lithium and Beryllium Fluorides

Arkhipov,

Zaikov,

Arkhipov

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Equilibrium potentials of uranium have been measured in the LiF-BeF2-UF3 melt as a function of temperature and uranium fluoride concentration. The empirical equation of uranium potential isotherms and polytherms have been obtained. Cathode polarization of uranium in the molten mixture of beryllium and lithium fluorides has been measured using the current switch off method from the stationary state. Uranium ions were found to have primarily the-valence of three in the LiF-BeF2 electrolyte in the studied temperature and uranium fluoride concentration ranges. Conditional standard potentials of uranium in the molten mixture of lithium and beryllium fluorides were calculated relative to the reference fluorine electrode according to the experimentally obtained data on the equilibrium potentials of the uranium electrode in the LiF-BeF2-UF3 melt. Standard conditional changes in the Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy at the formation of uranium trifluoride from the elements in the form of dilute solutions were determined. The enthalpy of mixing of liquid uranium fluoride and the 0.73LiF – 0.27BeF2 melt was calculated.

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“…Salt melts based on LiF-BeF 2 and LiF-NaF-KF have been verified as promising media ensuring the operation of liquid-salt reactors with low overpressure. 1,2 Molten alkaline and alkaline Earth metal fluorides [3][4][5][6] and chlorides 7,8 demonstrate excellent hydrodynamic and heat exchange properties, low vapor pressures in a wide operating temperature range (from 500 °C to 850 °C) and do not interact with fuel in case of leakage. However, molten fluorides are aggressive to metallic structural materials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Behavior of Chromium Difluoride in Molten Lithium and Beryllium Fluoride Mixtures

Arkhipov,

Zaikov,

Arkhipov

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The interaction between CrF2 and a molten binary LiF-BeF2 mixture has been studied using the electrochemical methods. The polarization of the chromium electrode relative to the dynamic beryllium electrode was measured. The obtained voltammetry data elucidates that under the experimental conditions, chromium is observed exclusively in one valence form. According to the cathode polarization dependences, it is established that the reduction of chromium ions in the metal occurs by a two-electron electrode reaction. The equilibrium concentrations of chromium were experimentally measured at the temperatures of 923, 973, and 1023 K at different chromium fluoride concentrations in the melt. The oxidation degree of chromium, dissolved in the melt, was calculated according to the concentration dependences of the equilibrium potentials. A thermodynamic analysis of the chromium difluoride dissolution in a molten mixture of lithium and beryllium fluorides was performed. The formation of dilute solutions of chromium difluoride is accompanied by slight deviations of the salt system from Raoult's laws.

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Reactor with Circulating Fuel Based on Molten Metal Fluorides for Np, Am, Cm Incineration

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Interaction between Iron Fluoride and Molten FLiBe

Interaction between Iron Fluoride and Molten FLiBe

Interaction Between Uranium Trifluoride and the Mixture of Lithium and Beryllium Fluorides

Electrochemical Behavior of Chromium Difluoride in Molten Lithium and Beryllium Fluoride Mixtures

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