Reactor Power Monitor Based on Cherenkov Radiation Detection

Porges, K.G.; Gold, R.; Corwin, William C.

doi:10.1109/tns.1970.4325620

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Cherenkov light exhibits the brightest intensity in high-RI media, so helium (RI=1.000035) and supercritical water (RI≈1.1) coolants will produce weaker Cherenkov signals compared to molten salt coolants (RI=1.3-1.5). However, it has been demonstrated that increased He pressure increases the RI, which produces higher intensity Cherenkov radiation (Porges et al 1970). (Rippon 1963).…”

Section: Alternate Reactor Power-monitoring Technique -Cherenkov Radimentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Readiness and Gaps Analysis of Commercial Optical Materials and Measurement Systems for Advanced Small Modular Reactors

Anheier¹,

Suter²,

Qiao³

et al. 2013

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Energy Research and Development Roadmap and industry stakeholders by evaluating optically based instrumentation and control (I&C) concepts for advanced small modular reactor (AdvSMR) applications. These advanced designs will require innovative thinking in terms of engineering approaches, materials integration, and I&C concepts to realize their eventual viability and deployment. The primary goals of this report include:1. Establish preliminary I&C needs, performance requirements, and possible gaps for AdvSMR designs based on best-available published design data.2. Document commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) optical sensors, components, and materials in terms of their technical readiness to support essential AdvSMR in-vessel I&C systems.3. Identify technology gaps by comparing the in-vessel monitoring requirements and environmental constraints to COTS optical sensor and materials performance specifications.4. Outline a future research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) program plan that addresses these gaps and develops optical-based I&C systems that enhance the viability of future AdvSMR designs.The DOE-NE roadmap outlines RD&D activities intended to overcome technical barriers that currently limit advances in nuclear energy. As part of this strategy, DOE-NE is sponsoring research on advanced reactor supportive technologies to reduce the identified barriers. Key challenges that must be overcome include the high capital costs to develop nuclear power plants, maintaining safety performance as the reactor fleet expands, minimizing nuclear waste, and maintaining strong proliferation resistance. AdvSMR designs are a major component of this strategy, because these designs offer a number of unique advantages. The modular and small size of AdvSMR designs naturally lead to reduced capital investments and, potentially, construction savings through factory fabrication. However, new economic and technical challenges accompany the many attractive features offered by AdvSMR designs. Specifically, the modest power output of AdvSMRs does not provide the economy of scale afforded by large reactors. In addition, many of the AdvSMR designs operate at much higher temperatures than lightwater reactors and require instrumentation to withstand harsh, in-vessel environments arising from unconventional, chemically aggressive coolants and unique reactor system configurations.Addressing these I&C challenges will be critically important to the AdvSMR development program to ensure the viability and future success of advanced reactor designs. Solutions will likely be found through evolution of conventional reactor technology, and the development of entirely new concepts. Early pressure/boiling water reactors used conventional I&C technologies (e.g., thermocouples, ionchambers, strain-gauge pressure sensors) to satisfy design requirements. Because these technologies worked well in the relatively low-temperature reactor designs, the demand for alternate I&C technologies was limited. At the time, optical-based reactor monitoring concepts were g...

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Section: Alternate Reactor Power-monitoring Technique -Cherenkov Radimentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Readiness and Gaps Analysis of Commercial Optical Materials and Measurement Systems for Advanced Small Modular Reactors

Anheier¹,

Suter²,

Qiao³

et al. 2013

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“…This unique phenomenon is called Cherenkov radiation, named after the Russian scientist Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, the 1958 Nobel Laureate who was the first to observe it experimentally. Cherenkov radiation has been widely studied in conventional media, enabling a wide range of applications, including the measurement of fast particles in high-energy physics 2 3 , the detection of labeled biomolecules 4 5 , the characterization of fission rate in nuclear reactors 6 7 , and determining properties of high-energy astronomical objects 8 9 . In 1968, Veselago predicted that the cone of the radiation will be directed backward relative to the motion of particle in negative index media, featuring the reverse Cherenkov radiation 10 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Reverse surface-polariton cherenkov radiation

Tao

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The existence of reverse Cherenkov radiation for surface plasmons is demonstrated analytically. It is shown that in a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide, surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excited by an electron moving at a speed higher than the phase velocity of SPPs can generate Cherenkov radiation, which can be switched from forward to reverse direction by tuning the core thickness of the waveguide. Calculations are performed in both frequency and time domains, demonstrating that a radiation pattern with a backward-pointing radiation cone can be achieved at small waveguide core widths, with energy flow opposite to the wave vector of SPPs. Our study suggests the feasibility of generating and steering electron radiation in simple plasmonic systems, opening the gate for various applications such as velocity-selective particle detections.

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An in-core neutron detector using magnetically focused electrons for nuclear reactors

Abdul‐Majid

1979

Nuclear Instruments and Methods

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Reactor Power Monitor Based on Cherenkov Radiation Detection

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Technical Readiness and Gaps Analysis of Commercial Optical Materials and Measurement Systems for Advanced Small Modular Reactors

Technical Readiness and Gaps Analysis of Commercial Optical Materials and Measurement Systems for Advanced Small Modular Reactors

Reverse surface-polariton cherenkov radiation

An in-core neutron detector using magnetically focused electrons for nuclear reactors

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