Reactor Developments in Hydrotreating and Conversion of Residues

Dautzenberg, Frits M.; Deken, J. C. De

doi:10.1080/01614948408064720

Cited by 41 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The principles of these reactor operations are almost same but differing with respect to some technical minutiae and tolerance of impurities [58]. Table 5 shows the different types of reactors used for hydrocracking of VR [59] and comparison is represented in Table 6 [60]. In Table 7, different processes and their licensers are offered.…”

Section: Hydrocracking Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of recent advances in catalytic hydrocracking of heavy residues

Sahu

Song

et al. 2015

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

249

223

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Section: Hydrocracking Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of recent advances in catalytic hydrocracking of heavy residues

Sahu

Song

et al. 2015

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

249

223

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“…For intermediate values of 0 (e.g., 0 = 3), the poison distribution has intermediate characteristics. These three types of poison distributions have been reported often, e.g., the vanadium distributions measured by Dautzenberg and De Deken (1984) for "wide pore" (small 0O) to "small pore" (large 0) catalysts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

A model for diffusion-limited accumulation of iron and titanium in coal liquefaction catalysts

Adkins¹,

Milburn²,

Davis³

1988

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Despite the technological importance of aromatic hydrogenation, the subject has not received much attention compared with the many investigations of hydrodesulfurization, − hydrodenitrogenation, − and hydrodemetalation. − The hydrogenation of naphthalene and other aromatic hydrocarbons with dihydrogen and heterogeneous catalysts is a challenging task because the reaction is reversible and the thermodynamic yields of the desired reduction products are quite low at low pressures and temperatures . Several attempts have been made to circumvent these difficulties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Base-Catalyzed Hydrogenation: Reduction of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

Yang

Stock

1996

Energy Fuels

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Dihydrogen can be activated by lithium and potassium organoamides, particularly the diisopropyl and bis(trimethylsilyl) derivatives, to reduce aromatic compounds at 1000 psig and 200 °C. Naphthalene was hydrogenated to tetralin in 100% yield by both reagents; anthracene was reduced with the bis(trimethylsilyl)amide catalyst to a mixture of the corresponding monocyclic aromatic derivatives, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydroanthracene (15%) and 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroanthracene (84%); phenanthrene was reduced with this base to a mixture of 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydrophenanthrene (63%), 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene (33%), and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene (4%); chrysene was converted by the same reagent to 1,2,2a,3,4,5,6, 6a,9,10,11,12-dodecahydrochrysene (70%) and 1,2,2a,3,4,5,6,6a-octahydrochrysene (25%); and 1,2-benzanthracene was hydrogenated to a mixture of dihydro- and dodecahydro-1,2-benzanthracenes. The reaction products show a striking selectivity for the preservation of an interior benzene ring. The catalytic properties of the strong bases depend on the nature of the organic ligands in the dialkylamide and the corresponding metal cations. The reactions proceed at modest pressures, about 500 psig, but require high temperatures, about 200 °C. The products of the reaction with dideuterium were investigated by magnetic resonance spectroscopy to define the reaction pathway. The results of these experiments and other available information suggest that hydrogen is transferred from an anionic dihydrogen−dialkylamide complex to the aromatic compound in the slow step of the reaction.

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Reactor Developments in Hydrotreating and Conversion of Residues

Cited by 41 publications

References 5 publications

A review of recent advances in catalytic hydrocracking of heavy residues

A review of recent advances in catalytic hydrocracking of heavy residues

A model for diffusion-limited accumulation of iron and titanium in coal liquefaction catalysts

Base-Catalyzed Hydrogenation: Reduction of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

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