Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Combined Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Children

Lepow, Martha L.; Beeler, Judy A.; Randolph, Martin F.; Samuelson, Joel S.; Hankins, William A.

doi:10.1093/infdis/154.6.1033

Cited by 80 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…First, although surface polysaccharides such as capsule have formed the basis for several successful vaccines directed against extracellular pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and certain serotypes of Neisseria meningitidis [46][47][48], this approach is less practical for ExPEC. More than 80 capsular serotypes exist for E. coli strains [49,50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A killed, genetically engineered derivative of a wild-type extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli strain is a vaccine candidate

Russo¹,

Beanan²,

Olson³

et al. 2007

Vaccine

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Infections due to extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) result in significant morbidity, mortality and increased healthcare costs. An efficacious vaccine against ExPEC would be desirable. In this report we explore the use of killed-whole E. coli as a vaccine immunogen. Given the diversity of capsule and O-antigens in ExPEC we have hypothesized that alternative targets are viable vaccine candidates. We have also hypothesized that immunization with a genetically engineered strain that is deficient in the capsule and O-antigen will generate a greater immune response against antigens other than the capsular and O-antigen epitopes than a wild-type strain. Lastly, we hypothesize that mucosal immunization with killed E. coli has the potential to generate a significant immune response. In this study we demonstrated that nasal immunization with a formalin-killed ExPEC derivative deficient in capsule and O-antigen results in a significantly greater overall humoral response compared to its wild-type derivative (which demonstrates that capsule and/or the O-antigen impede the development of an optimal humoral immune response) and a significantly greater immune response against non-capsular and O-antigen epitopes. These antibodies also bound to a subset of heterologous ExPEC strains and enhanced neutrophil-mediated bactericidal activity against the homologous and a heterologous strain. Taken together these studies support the concept that formalin-killed genetically engineered ExPEC derivatives are whole cell vaccine candidates to prevent infections due to ExPEC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A killed, genetically engineered derivative of a wild-type extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli strain is a vaccine candidate

Russo¹,

Beanan²,

Olson³

et al. 2007

Vaccine

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show abstract

“…53, 92 Estimates of the incidence of such local reactions have varied, ranging from 4 to 56%. 92,93 Transient fever occurred in up to 5% of vaccinees in some studies and occurs more commonly in infants.…”

Section: Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…92,93 Transient fever occurred in up to 5% of vaccinees in some studies and occurs more commonly in infants. 53 Severe reactions to polysaccharide meningococcal vaccine are uncommon.…”

Section: Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Meningococcal disease: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, antimicrobial susceptibility and prevention

Manchanda¹,

Gupta²,

Bhalla³

2006

Indian J Med Microbiol

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Meningoccocal disease has repeatedly caused outbreaks worldwide. There has been sudden surge of cases of meningococcemia and meningococcal meningitis in early 2005 in Delhi, India and neighboring states of Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. As of June 17, 2005, 429 probable cases of meningococcal disease have been reported in Delhi out of which 128 cases have revealed microbiological evidence of Neisseria meningitidis. It is possible that the number of cases was in excess of the numbers notified. During this episode drug susceptibility testing by MIC method (E-test) using break points recently recommended by NCCLS/CLSI, revealed that all isolates were sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, rifampicin and ceftriaxone. As regards to ciprofloxacin, about two third of the isolates tested were found to be 'nonsusceptible' (MIC =0.03µg/mL-0.190µg/mL). All the isolates were found resistant to cotrimoxazole (MIC> 16µg/mL). Repeated outbreaks, decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, which is commonly used for chemoprophylaxis of meningococcal disease, highlights the need for a constant surveillance system. Present review deals with various aspects of Neisseria meningitidis and meningococcal disease in view of recent episode.

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“…Lepow et al (22) found that a greater percentage of children between 2 and 5 years of age responded to the Y and W135 PSs than responded to the A and C PSs. An 80% or better response was found to all four PSs in children aged 9 years or older.…”

Section: Group a Psmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have been conducted to examine the antibody response of young children and infants to the ACYW135 tetravalent vaccine (22,27). Lepow et al (22) found that a greater percentage of children between 2 and 5 years of age responded to the Y and W135 PSs than responded to the A and C PSs.…”

Section: Group a Psmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines for prevention of meningococcal disease

Frasch

1989

Clin Microbiol Rev

119

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Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Combined Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Children

Cited by 80 publications

References 10 publications

A killed, genetically engineered derivative of a wild-type extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli strain is a vaccine candidate

A killed, genetically engineered derivative of a wild-type extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli strain is a vaccine candidate

Meningococcal disease: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, antimicrobial susceptibility and prevention

Vaccines for prevention of meningococcal disease

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