Reactivity of monoenic and conjugated diene systems present in unsaturated olefin terpolymers—II. Reactions with methyl radicals

Faucitano, A.; Atarot, H.; Martinotti, F.; Comincioli, V.; Cesca, S.

doi:10.1016/0014-3057(79)90100-9

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

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Studies on impact modification of polystyrene (PS) by ethylene–propylene–diene (EPDM) rubber and its graft copolymers. I. PS/EPDM and PS/EPDM‐g‐styrene blends

Shaw

Singh

1990

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SynopsisEthylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber is an excellent rubber for outdoor use. High impact polystyrene (PS) containing EPDM rubber may show improved weathering resistance. PS is incompatible with EPDM; hence bulk polymerization technique is adopted for the synthesis of graft products which show limited compatibility with PS. Two initiators were chosen a t two different working temperatures to produce high grafting efficiency and grafting percentage. In the present system, it is shown that the graft copolymer and polystyrene compositions show higher improved impact strength behavior than that of the products based upon simple dispersion of EPDM in polystyrene.

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Studies on impact modification of polystyrene (PS) by ethylene–propylene–diene (EPDM) rubber and its graft copolymers. I. PS/EPDM and PS/EPDM‐g‐styrene blends

Shaw

Singh

1990

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Grafting of unsaturated acids and silanes to ethylene polymers: A kinetic model

Motha¹,

Seppälä²,

Bergström

1989

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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A general kinetic model was developed to simulate the grafting of monomers such as unsaturated carboxylic acids and silanes to ethylene polymers. The polymers considered were ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene‐co‐butyl acrylate (EBA), and low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). Grafting was assumed to proceed by a free‐radical mechanism involving chain transfer. Organic peroxides having a strong tendency for hydrogen abstraction were selected as the source of primary radicals. The model simulated the grafting reaction as taking place in a single screw extruder. The residence time distribution in the extruder was experimentally determined by tracer analysis, according to which the extruder was a plug‐flow reactor connected to two mixed reactors in parallel. The model is able to predict the extent of grafting in terms of predefined parameters. Comparison of model predictions with available experimental data showed slight deviations, the possible causes of which are discussed. However, the kinetic behavior expected on the basis of the input parameters was observed, and, as such, the model allowed study of the effect of process variables on grafting kinetics and provided insight into the reaction mechanism.

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Model simulation studies of complex free radical reactions: The graft copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile onto ethylene‐propylene‐isopropylidendicyclopentadiene terpolymer

Faucitano

Atarot

Martinotti

et al. 1980

J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. Ed.

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A kinetic analysis without steady approximation of the graft copolymerization of styrene‐acrylonitrile onto ethylene‐ propylene‐isopropylidendicyclopentadiene terpolymer (EP‐IPDCP) is described. Some of the kinetic constants were experimentally determined. The grafting process is interpreted mainly in terms of the attack on EP‐IPDCP by benzoyloxy radicals; phenyl radicals play a minor negative role by enhancing the rate of homopolymerization. A major contribution to the grafting yield is made by the propagation steps in graft polymerization and by crossed termination between grafted and ungrafted chains; of minor importance are the cross terminations between ungrafted growing chains and rubber radicals. The ole played by the solvent (benzene) and by saturated and unsaturated units in the EP‐IPDCP chains is analyzed. Diffusion effects caused by the poor solvent compatibility of grafted and ungrafted chains were taken into account by allowing the termination and propagation rate constants to change in a controlled way during the reaction. The trapping of EP‐IPDCP units caused by the aggregation of polymer particles seems to be indispensable to explain the decreasing trend of the grafting efficiency curve. Other information of interest pertains to the distribution of initiating radicals among the various competing reactions in the process and to the data of concentrations versus reaction time for reactants, products, and free radical intermediates. The results of a sensitivity analysis and the rate constants used in the calculations are given.

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Reactivity of monoenic and conjugated diene systems present in unsaturated olefin terpolymers—II. Reactions with methyl radicals

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Studies on impact modification of polystyrene (PS) by ethylene–propylene–diene (EPDM) rubber and its graft copolymers. I. PS/EPDM and PS/EPDM‐g‐styrene blends

Studies on impact modification of polystyrene (PS) by ethylene–propylene–diene (EPDM) rubber and its graft copolymers. I. PS/EPDM and PS/EPDM‐g‐styrene blends

Grafting of unsaturated acids and silanes to ethylene polymers: A kinetic model

Model simulation studies of complex free radical reactions: The graft copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile onto ethylene‐propylene‐isopropylidendicyclopentadiene terpolymer

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