Reactivity and Leaching of Wood Ash Pellets Dehydrated by Hot Air and Flue Gas

Sarenbo, S.; Mellbo, P.; Stålnacke, O.; Claesson, T.

doi:10.2174/1876400201002010047

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Accelerated carbonation positively affects the hardening of an ash product, which may then be easily transported and used as a fertilizer. Also, well hardened products show slow leaching patterns, which are considered good for applications in fertilizing land [35][36][37]. However, it is difficult to harden ash with high carbon content.…”

Section: Reviews and Suggestions Of Proposed Ash Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash Management Review—Applications of Biomass Bottom Ash

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In industrialized countries, it is expected that the future generation of bioenergy will be from the direct combustion of residues and wastes obtained from biomass. Bioenergy production using woody biomass is a fast developing application since this fuel source is considered to be carbon neutral. The harnessing of bioenergy from these sources produces residue in the form of ash. As the demand for bioenergy production increases, ash and residue volumes will increase. Major challenges will arise relating to the efficient management of these byproducts. The primary concerns for ash are its storage, disposal, use and the presence of unburned carbon. The continual increase in ash volume will result in decreased ash storage facilities (in cases of limited room for landfill expansion), as well as increased handling, transporting and spreading costs. The utilization of ash has been the focus of many studies, hence this review investigates the likely environmental and technological challenges that increased ash generation may cause. The presence of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, chlorine, sulphur and silicon influences the reactivity and leaching to the inorganic phases which may have significant impacts on soils and the recycling of soil nutrient. Discussed are some of the existing technologies for the processing of ash. Unburned carbon present in ash allows for the exploration of using ash as a fuel. The paper proposes sieve fractionation as a suitable method for the separation of unburnt carbon present in bottom ash obtained from a fixed-bed combustion system, followed by the application of the gasification technology to particle sizes of energy importance. It is hoped that this process will significantly reduce the volume of ash disposed at landfills. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2012, 5 3857

show abstract

Section: Reviews and Suggestions Of Proposed Ash Processing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash Management Review—Applications of Biomass Bottom Ash

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When the pelletization process is finished, the pellets have to dry for about 1 month if self-dried at room temperature [10]. Four different pellet drying techniques have been studied [11]: drying at room temperature, drying by hot air (60 and 130 C), and drying by flue gas. Drying granules using flue gas has also been tested in a flue gas simulator [12].…”

Section: (Equation 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Moskogen heat and power plant is new and became fully operational in 2009. Several studies concerning combustion residues from "Draken" have been performed previously; [3,5,[11][12][13][19][20][21][22][23]. There is also fully automated equipment to pelletize the fly ash, but the equipment is currently not in use.…”

Section: (Equation 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash Products and Their Economic Profitability

Rasmusson¹,

Sarenbo²,

Claesson³

2013

TOWMJ

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sustainable whole-tree harvesting practice requires that nutrient removal from the forest is compensated. Wood ashes contain all the nutrients, except for nitrogen, that are found in unburned fuel and can also increase soil pH, which makes ash recycling a natural way to stabilize the nutrient balance and counteract the acidification of forest soils that occurs due to intensive forest management. Several methods for processing ashes into spreadable products have been developed. The aim of this paper is to compare these methods. The study mainly focused on an economic evaluation of production, transportation and the spreading of self-hardened ash, ash pellets and ash granules. Self-hardened ash is generally considered to be the cheapest alternative to manufactured ash products, but these results imply that the most cost effective alternative is ash pellets. Around 27% of total costs could be earned from recycling the ash by producing pellets and 8% if granules are produced instead of self-hardened ash. This partly depends on the higher density of the pellets and granules and a significant reduction in the number of transportation operations. The reduction in transportation operations and diesel consumption also has major environmental benefits. Furthermore, it is more efficient to produce granules and pellets than it is to produce self-hardened ash and it is also easier to produce a reliable product of an appropriate size, shape and texture for a market that has well defined requirements.

show abstract

Valorisation of agricultural biomass-ash with CO2

Hills

Tripathi

Singh

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work is part of a study of different types of plant-based biomass to elucidate their capacity for valorisation via a managed carbonation step involving gaseous carbon dioxide (co 2). the perspectives for broader biomass waste valorisation was reviewed, followed by a proposed closed-loop process for the valorisation of wood in earlier works. the present work newly focusses on combining agricultural biomass with mineralised co 2. Here, the reactivity of selected agricultural biomass ashes with co 2 and their ability to be bound by mineralised carbonate in a hardened product is examined. three categories of agricultural biomass residues, including shell, fibre and soft peel, were incinerated at 900 ± 25 °C. The biomass ashes were moistened (10% w/w) and moulded into cylindrical samples and exposed to 100% CO 2 gas at 50% RH for 24 h, during which they cemented into hardened monolithic products. the calcia in ashes formed a negative relationship with ash yield and the microstructure of the carbonate-cementing phase was distinct and related to the particular biomass feedstock. this work shows that in common with woody biomass residues, carbonated agricultural biomass ash-based monoliths have potential as novel low-carbon construction products. This paper discusses environmental issues that are of relevance to the sustainable use of resources and protection of the environment. By re-using abundantly available agricultural biomass residues, and by reducing the amount of cement used in construction and their associated carbon emissions, significant potential sustainability gains can be realised. In consideration of this, a low carbon management option for biomass residues is proposed. Agricultural activities generate huge volumes of biomass residues, with crop derived waste accounting for 94% of global biomass production 1. These include cereals (wheat, rice, maize, and barley), sugarcane, soybean, and some oil crops, fruits, vegetables, roots and tubers, and sugar beet 1. These residues are expected to increase as the world's population exceeds 11 Billion by 2,100 2. It is estimated that globally 140 Gt of agricultural residues are generated each year 3,4. According to Lal (2019) 5 , the total annual amount of crop residue produced globally is estimated at 2.8 Gt for cereal crops, 3.1 Gt for 17 major cereals and legumes, and 3.8 Gt for 27 common food crops. The IEA CCC (2015) 6 reports the global resource for unexploited cereal crop residues amounts to 517 Mt. The FAO (2002) 7 projects that from 1999 to 2030, the agricultural sector of developing countries will increase by 13% or 120 M ha. Predictions for global cereal yield suggest an increase in the range 0.9% per annum over the period 2005/2007-2050, continuing a trend of long-term declining yield growth (20 y average yield increase declined from ~ 3% pa in 1982, to ~ 1% by 2005) 8,9. The intensification of agricultural and increased crop yield (producing more per unit of land) will undoubtedly raise crop residue production 10. A positive correlation exists betw...

show abstract

Reactivity and Leaching of Wood Ash Pellets Dehydrated by Hot Air and Flue Gas

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Ash Management Review—Applications of Biomass Bottom Ash

Ash Management Review—Applications of Biomass Bottom Ash

Ash Products and Their Economic Profitability

Valorisation of agricultural biomass-ash with CO2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About