Reactivities of Feline Calicivirus Field Isolates with Monoclonal Antibodies Detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Tajima, Tomoko; Takeda, Y.; Tohya, Yukinobu; Sugii, Shunji

doi:10.1292/jvms.60.753

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

1998

DOI: 10.1292/jvms.60.753

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Reactivities of Feline Calicivirus Field Isolates with Monoclonal Antibodies Detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Tomoko Tajima

Y. Takeda

Yukinobu Tohya

et al.

Abstract: ABSTRACT. Reactivities of feline calicivirus (FCV) field isolates with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The reactivities of the viruses in ELISA were different from our previous results using the neutralization tests (NT). Many isolates were positive in ELISA with MAbs which recognized neutralizing epitope 3B and/or 4. However, most were negative in NT in our previous study. After absorption of two FCV strains with host cells, the non-infectious virus flu… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications

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“…However, even the vaccine D immune serum failed to neutralize 22-44% of the FCV isolates, showing that there is much difference in neutralizing antigenicity between the existing vaccine strains and FCV strains that are prevalent in Japan. The eight strains described earlier, which were not neutralized by any immune serum, are divided into at least three groups according to their ability to neutralize MAb against the FCV F4 strain [9,10]. At least two (91-16 and 91-38) of these eight strains were isolated from cats which were found to have received FCV …”

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Neutralizing Feature of Commercially Available Feline Calicivirus (FCV) Vaccine Immune Sera against FCV Field Isolates

Hohdatsu

Sato

Tajima

et al. 1999

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Four types of commercially available feline calicivirus (FCV) vaccine were compared in terms of their efficacy on the basis of the ability of the sera of specific-pathogen-free cats immunized by two injections of each type of vaccine to neutralize FCV field isolates. Each vaccine immune serum neutralized relatively well strains F4, F9, and 255, which were FCV laboratory strains. As to 36 strains of field isolates, however, vaccines A, B, C, and D immune sera did not neutralize 18-20 of the strains (50.0%-55.6%), 19-22 of the strains (52.8%-61.1%), 22-25 of the strains (61.1%-69.4%), and 8-16 of the strains (22.2%-44.4%), respectively. These results indicate that there is much difference in neutralizing antigenicity between the existing vaccine strains and the FCV strains that are prevalent in Japan, suggesting the need for improvement of FCV vaccines.-KEY WORDS: feline calicivirus, neutralizing antigenicity, vaccine immune serum.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 61(3): 299-301, 1999 The FCV used were laboratory strains F4, F9, and 255 and 36 strains of field isolates prepared in Japan in 1991 [9]. Of these 36 strains of field isolates, 23 isolates, 7 isolates, 2 isolates, and each of the remaining 4 isolates were obtained from the oral or nasal swabs of the cats suspected of having viral respiratory diseases, which had been maintained in Tokyo, and Tottori, Yamagata, Ehime, Okayama, Kanagawa, and Saitama Prefectures, respectively. All of the field isolates were purified by three rounds of plaque cloning and propagated in Crandell feline kidney (CrFK) cells.The immune sera were prepared from eight 12-monthold SPF cats immunized by two injections, with an interval of 3 weeks, of each type of feline triple combined vaccine. Serum samples collected 3 weeks after the second injection were used as the immune sera.Serial two-fold dilutions of the test sera were mixed with an equal volume of an FCV strain suspension containing approximately 200 TCID 50 and the mixtures were incubated at 37°C for 60 min. Each mixture was then inoculated into the CrFK cell cultures in flat-bottomed microplates, and incubated in an atmosphere of 5% CO 2 in air at 37°C for 4 days. Each serum dilution was plated in duplicate. The antibody titer was expressed as the reciprocal of the highest dilution of serum that completely inhibited a viral cytopathic effect. Table 1 shows the neutralizing antibody titers of FCV vaccine immune sera against three FCV laboratory strains and 36 strains of FCV field isolates. Each immune serum neutralized three laboratory strains well, with the exception of the reactivity of the vaccine C immune serum against strain 255. The F9 strain particularly was neutralized well with every immune serum. Against the 36 field isolates, however, the immune sera showed various neutralizing antibody titers, and there were eight isolates (91-4, 91-16, 91-19, 91-28, 91-29, 91-34, 91-36, and 91-38) which were not neutralized by any immune serum. Table 2 shows the Feline calicivirus (FCV) is an important cause of acute oral and resp...

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confidence: 99%

Neutralizing Feature of Commercially Available Feline Calicivirus (FCV) Vaccine Immune Sera against FCV Field Isolates

Hohdatsu

Sato

Tajima

et al. 1999

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

Self Cite

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Micro-total analysis system for virus detection: microfluidic pre-concentration coupled to liposome-based detection

et al. 2011

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An integrated microfluidic biosensor is presented that combines sample pre-concentration and liposome-based signal amplification for the detection of enteric viruses present in environmental water samples. This microfluidic approach overcomes the challenges of long assay times of cell culture-based methods and the need to extensively process water samples to eliminate inhibitors for PCR-based methods. Here, viruses are detected using an immunoassay sandwich approach with the reporting antibodies tagged to liposomes. Described is the development of the integrated device for the detection of environmentally relevant viruses using feline calicivirus (FCV) as a model organism for human norovirus. In situ fabricated nanoporous membranes in glass microchannels were used in conjunction with electric fields to achieve pre-concentration of virus-liposome complexes and therefore enhance the antibody-virus binding efficiency. The concentrated complexes were eluted to a detection region downstream where captured liposomes were lysed to release fluorescent dye molecules that were then quantified using image processing. This system was compared to an optimized electrochemical liposome-based microfluidic biosensor without pre-concentration. The limit of detection of FCV of the integrated device was at 1.6 × 10(5) PFU/mL, an order of magnitude lower than that obtained using the microfluidic biosensor without pre-concentration. This significant improvement is a key step toward the goal of using this integrated device as an early screening system for viruses in environmental water samples.

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Biosensors for the detection of waterborne pathogens

Connelly

Baeumner

2011

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Waterborne bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens are a global health concern and their rapid and specific detection in contaminated potable water is of utmost importance. Biosensors using a variety of biorecognition molecules and transduction methodologies have been reported, and have the potential to enable highly sensitive detection of the analyte of interest in a short time with high specificity. However, there are several obstacles to the detection of waterborne pathogens-they tend to be present at very low concentrations in the environment and environmental samples contain numerous inhibitors of enzymatic reactions and interfering organisms and particulates. Here we present a review of the current state of biosensor technology with regard to the improvements needed over standard detection methods and the challenges presented by real environmental samples. Further, we identify future areas of focus necessary to realize novel detection devices capable of supplanting the gold standards of today.

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Reactivities of Feline Calicivirus Field Isolates with Monoclonal Antibodies Detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Neutralizing Feature of Commercially Available Feline Calicivirus (FCV) Vaccine Immune Sera against FCV Field Isolates

Neutralizing Feature of Commercially Available Feline Calicivirus (FCV) Vaccine Immune Sera against FCV Field Isolates

Micro-total analysis system for virus detection: microfluidic pre-concentration coupled to liposome-based detection

Biosensors for the detection of waterborne pathogens

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