Reactive power performance requirements for wind and solar plants

Ellis, Abraham; Nelson, Richard C.; Engeln, E. Von; MacDowell, Jason; Casey, Leo; Seymour, E.; Peter, W.

doi:10.1109/pesgm.2012.6345568

Cited by 60 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, variable generation units based on inverter technology are technically capable of providing steady-state and dynamic reactive power support to the grid. Therefore, FERC Order 661-A, demands the transmission operator to perform a system impact study, whether there is a need for a dynamic reactive capability, for wind farms, up to the 0.95 leading/lagging power factor range [17]. Meanwhile, some transmission service providers define certain reactive power requirements for wind power integration to their system.…”

Section: Practical Implementation Of Monitoring Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it will be shown that based on the proposed transformation, any complex monitoring zone in the P-Q plane can be transferred to the R-X plane. The dynamic performance of the proposed method is studied with the unbalanced IEEE 8500 node test feeder, for on-line monitoring of the reactive power capability requirement proposed by the Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO) [17] for a wind farm integrated to the system.The paper is organized as follows: in Section II the necessity of distribution system monitoring will be explained. Section III describes the mathematic relationship between the active and reactive power flows and the measured impedance trajectories.…”

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confidence: 99%

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An Impedance-Based Method for Distribution System Monitoring

Mortazavi

Mehrjerdi

Saad

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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Abstract-This paper presents a new approach in monitoring of a power distribution system. It uses the bus voltage and injected current to extract the apparent impedance seen from the measuring unit location. Then the apparent impedance variation is used for monitoring of different electrical quantities of the feeder such as feeder power factor, the minimum and maximum of active and reactive power flow. The paper also presents the mathematics for defining monitoring zone on the R-X plane to detect those parameters variations. The proposed method was tested with the unbalanced distribution system feeder loading, distributed and lumped model of solar and wind power generations. OpenDSS and Matlab are used to test the effectiveness of the method with the IEEE 8500 node test feeder. The dynamic performance of the proposed method is studied for on-line monitoring of the reactive power capability requirement of a Canadian utility for a wind farm integrated to the system. The results show that the monitoring method based on the apparent impedance has a good capability to detect different operation conditions. In addition, the simplicity of the proposed method allows easy application of it in smart grid and traditional distribution system.

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Section: Practical Implementation Of Monitoring Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Impedance-Based Method for Distribution System Monitoring

Mortazavi

Mehrjerdi

Saad

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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“…at their secondary sides, respectively, and use a voltage deadband of ±0.5%. For this case study a modern 20 MW wind farm with a 0.95 leading/lagging power factor capability (available also during full active power output [24]) is connected to bus 16.…”

Section: A Uk Gds Simplified Ehv1 Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, technologies also exist that allow reactive power capabilities during full active power output [24]. Although this is likely to cost more, it might also bring more revenue to the DG owner.…”

Section: Other Implementation Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Voltage Sensitivity Approach for the Decentralized Control of DG Plants

Zhang

Ochoa

Valverde

2018

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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Abstract-Renewable distributed generation (DG) is likely to be actively controlled in future distribution networks to mitigate voltage issues resulting from high penetrations. This requires understanding the corresponding dependencies between voltage magnitudes and DG active/reactive power outputs. One approach to compute these dependencies is to use classical sensitivity methods such as those based on the Jacobian matrix inverse. However, updating the latter involves extensive remote monitoring. This paper presents a novel approach to produce voltage sensitivities applying the Surface Fitting technique on data based solely on the knowledge of network characteristics; making it suitable for decentralized DG control. To assess the benefits, comparisons with classical methods are carried out using the 16-bus UK GDS test network (1-min resolution simulations) considering a decentralized voltage control algorithm that simultaneously caters for the active and reactive power outputs of a single DG plant. The robustness of the proposed approach is also investigated considering changes in network parameters. Finally, the use of coordinated time delays is proposed to cater for multiple DG plants. Comparisons with a centralized optimization demonstrate that the combined use of the proposed voltage sensitivity approach and decentralized control algorithm is an effective and implementable candidate to actively manage renewable DG plants.

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“…Recent studies on the LVRT code have mainly focused on the control of wind generators or farms [4]. Gounder [5] used STATCOM to secure the transient stability of a distribution system where a Squirrel Cage Induction Generator (SCIG) and DFIG are connected, which inherently lack control capability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Reactive Power Reserve Management Scheme to Enhance LVRT Capability

2017

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Abstract:To increase the utilization of wind power in the power system, grid integration standards have been proposed for the stable integration of large-scale wind power plants. In particular, fault-ride-through capability, especially Low-Voltage-Ride-Through (LVRT), has been emphasized, as it is related to tripping in wind farms. Therefore, this paper proposes the Wind power plant applicable-Effective Reactive power Reserve (Wa-ERPR), which combines both wind power plants and conventional generators at the Point of Interconnection (POI). The reactive power capability of the doubly-fed induction generator wind farm was considered to compute the total Wa-ERPR at the POI with reactive power capability of existing generators. By using the Wa-ERPR management algorithm, in case of a violation of the LVRT standards, the amount of reactive power compensation is computed using the Wa-ERPR management scheme. The proposed scheme calculates the Wa-ERPR and computes the required reactive power, reflecting the change of the system topology pre-and post-contingency, to satisfy the LVRT criterion when LVRT regulation is not satisfied at the POI. The static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) with the capacity corresponding to calculated amount of reactive power through the Wa-ERPR management scheme is applied to the POI. Therefore, it is confirmed that the wind power plant satisfies the LVRT criteria by securing the appropriate reactive power at the POI, by applying of the proposed algorithm.

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Reactive power performance requirements for wind and solar plants

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

An Impedance-Based Method for Distribution System Monitoring

An Impedance-Based Method for Distribution System Monitoring

A Novel Voltage Sensitivity Approach for the Decentralized Control of DG Plants

Advanced Reactive Power Reserve Management Scheme to Enhance LVRT Capability

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