Reactive oxygen species, nutrition, hypoxia and diseases: Problems solved?

Görlach, Agnes; Dimova, Elitsa Y.; Petry, Andreas; Martínez‐Ruiz, Antonio; Hernansanz-Agustín, Pablo; Rolo, Anabela P.; Palmeira, Carlos M.; Kietzmann, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.016

Cited by 304 publications

(241 citation statements)

References 248 publications

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“…We verified the NOX2 expression immunohistochemically in the rat CBs of different groups which was earlier histochemically observed to be present in the type I cells and macrophages within the CB [28]. HIF2α is associated with adaptation to HA exposure [25] and mediates the increased expression of Sod2 gene encoding mitochondrial SOD2 [29,9]. SOD2 acts as an antioxidant which converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide whose presence was also demonstrated immunohistochemically.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Alterations in Carotid Body Morphology and Cellular Mechanism Under the Influence of Intermittent Hypoxia

2017

IJCRR

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Aims: Intermittent hypoxia (IH) training is said to have a preconditioning effect for evoking acclimatization at high altitude (HA). Carotid body (CB) plays a vital role in oxygen sensing and is an important component in HA acclimatization. The present study reports the mechanistic effects of IH that involves episodes of hypoxia of few hours continued for several days, on the CB responses to acute hypobaric hypoxia in terms of morphological changes in CB and its cellular functions.Methodology: 24 Sprague-Dawley (250-300g) rats were divided into 2 major groups: 1) control, 2) experimental group (n=12 each) in which the rats were exposed to IH training for 10 days with a single hypoxic episode of 4h/day at a simulated altitude of 15000ft. 6 rats from each group were further subjected to a simulated hypobaric acute hypoxic (AH) challenge of 1hr at 25000ft to see the effect of IH training (IHT) and were named as 3) Control+ AH challenge and 4) IHT+ AH challenge. Morphological changes in CB in different groups were observed along with expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1α, HIF2α, NADPH Oxidase 2 (NOX2) and Superoxide Dismutase 2 (SOD2) using immunohistochemistry for the first time. Results:The results showed that IH training leads to morphological changes in terms of hyperplasia and unaltered HIF1α levels along with a highly significant rise in HIF2α in CB. When the rats are exposed to AH without IH conditioning, there is a significant rise in HIF1α and thus NOX2 levels. However, prior exposure to IH leads to a significant rise in the HIF2α levels and thus SOD2 levels, when subjected to AH challenge. Discussion and Conclusion:These results indicate that IH training affects the cellular response of CB by regulating balanced expression of both HIF1α and HIF2α, thus modulating the cellular redox state by promoting the antioxidant enzyme production and suppressing the pro-oxidant enzyme levels, thereby playing a crucial role in pre-conditioning to acute hypoxia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Alterations in Carotid Body Morphology and Cellular Mechanism Under the Influence of Intermittent Hypoxia

2017

IJCRR

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“…So Görlach, et al [11] proposed that an intricate interplay between hypoxia and ROS production exists, and that this involves feed-forward and feed-back mechanisms involving the functioning of HIFs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histogenous Hypoxia in Depression: A Cross-Sectional Paired Study into Venous Blood Gases in Outpatients with Depression

Hao-ying¹,

Yuan²,

Xu³

et al. 2017

Neuropsychiatry

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Background:It has been suggested that oxidative stress is increased and antioxidant defenses are decreased in depression, and oxidative stress has a complex relationship with hypoxia. Is there a definite hypoxia index in patients with depression? Also, any other correlations between hypoxia indicators and the symptoms of depression remain unreported. Methods:In the present study, a cross-sectional design was undertaken with 1:1 pairs. Patients with depression and healthy participants were recruited from the Guangdong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Both groups were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (including five factors: anxiety/somatization, weight, cognition impairment, hysteresis and sleep) and had their venous blood gases analyzed. All data were analyzed using the PASW Statistics 18.0 data statistical package. Results were analyzed statistically using the paired t test, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results:In total 52 cases were recruited to each study group, including 15 (28.8%) males and 37 (71.2%) females. The values of the mean venous pH, PvO 2 , SvO 2 and CvO 2 in the depressed group of patients were higher than those of the control group. PvCO 2 was also lower in the depressed than in the control group, and this difference was statistically significant. The total depressive score and cognitive impairment factor were related to PvO 2 , while the anxiety/somatization and sleep factors were related to the value of the venous pH. Age was positively correlated with venous pH in both study groups. Venous pH had a positive association with P V O 2 in the depressed group (multiple linear regression analysis), but there was no significant correlation between these two factors in the non-depressed control group. Conclusion:Histogenous hypoxia is present in patients with depression and this is related to elevated venous pH; both of these are related to depression. Elevated venous pH and decreased PvCO 2 may explain histogenous hypoxia in depression and venous blood gas concentrations potentially represent a biomarker for depression.

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“…y is required for mROS generation (9), despite that y and mROS levels are negatively correlated (10). The production and release of mROS can be augmented by diverse signaling factors including hypoxia, thermogenesis, nutrient metabolites, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), SHC-transforming protein 1, and toll-like receptors (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Additionally, mitochondria are dynamic organelles that constantly move inside the cells.…”

Section: Production Of Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of redox balance in cancer and T cells

Kong¹,

Chandel

2018

Journal of Biological Chemistry

134

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate redox signaling necessary for numerous cellular functions. Yet, high levels of ROS in cells and tissues can cause damage and cell death. Therefore, regulation of redox homeostasis is essential for ROS-dependent signaling that does not incur cellular damage. Cells achieve this optimal balance by coordinating ROS production and elimination. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which proliferating cancer and T cells maintain a carefully controlled redox balance. Greater insight into such redox biology may enable precisely targeted manipulation of ROS for effective medical therapies against cancer or immunological disorders.

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Reactive oxygen species, nutrition, hypoxia and diseases: Problems solved?

Cited by 304 publications

References 248 publications

Alterations in Carotid Body Morphology and Cellular Mechanism Under the Influence of Intermittent Hypoxia

Alterations in Carotid Body Morphology and Cellular Mechanism Under the Influence of Intermittent Hypoxia

Histogenous Hypoxia in Depression: A Cross-Sectional Paired Study into Venous Blood Gases in Outpatients with Depression

Regulation of redox balance in cancer and T cells

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