Reactive oxygen species: Multidimensional regulators of plant adaptation to abiotic stress and development

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as undesirable by‐products of metabolism in various cellular compartments, especially in response to unfavorable environmental conditions, throughout the life cycle of plants. Stress‐induced ROS production disrupts normal cellular function and leads to oxidative damage. To cope with excessive ROS, plants are equipped with a sophisticated antioxidative defense system consisting of enzymatic and non‐enzymatic components that scavenge ROS or inhibit their harmful effects on biomolecules. Nonetheless, when maintained at relatively low levels, ROS act as signaling molecules that regulate plant growth, development, and adaptation to adverse conditions. Here, we provide an overview of current approaches for detecting ROS. We also discuss recent advances in understanding ROS signaling, ROS metabolism, and the roles of ROS in plant growth and responses to various abiotic stresses.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses Unveil the Role of Nitrogen Metabolism in the Formation of Chinese Cabbage Petiole Spot

“…Cells with petiole spots on Chinese cabbage exhibit a higher abundance of ROS compared to cells without petiole spots (Figure 7A). ROS are generated in response to a variety of environmental stresses, causing oxidative damage that may lead to cell death [29]. Moreover, an increase in ROS levels was observed in susceptible cabbages upon staining for ROS, and high nitrogen treatments exacerbated this discrepancy (Figure 7B).…”

Hydrogen peroxide is required for light-induced stomatal opening across different plant species

“…H 2 O 2 has been known to act as a molecular signal promoting stomatal closure 36 . When plants grow under stress conditions, H 2 O 2 accumulates and activates S-type anion channel through Ca 2+ currents and receptor-like kinase Guard cell hydrogen peroxide-resistant 1 (GHR1), resulting in stomatal closure 37 , 38 .…”

NADPH oxidase‐dependent H2O2 production mediates salicylic acid‐induced salt tolerance in mangrove plant Kandelia obovata by regulating Na+/K+ and redox homeostasis

“…In the early stage of stress, ROS acts as a signal molecule to regulate the defense mechanism of plants, while in the later stage of stress, the overproduction of ROS causes serious oxidative damage to plant cells, especially to cell membranes (Hasanuzzaman et al, 2021;Hu et al, 2012;Mittler et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2023). Under salt stress, ROS levels in plants increase rapidly, leading to oxidative stress (Del Rio et al, 2006;Hasanuzzaman et al, 2021).…”