Reactive oxygen species metabolism and plant-fungal interactions

Abstract

Fungal interactions with plants can involve specific morphogenetic developments to access host cells, the suppression of plant defenses, and the establishment of a feeding lifestyle that nourishes the colonizer oftenbut not always-at the expense of the host. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism is central to the infection process, and the stage-specific production and/or neutralization of ROS is critical to the success of the colonization process. ROS metabolism during infection is dynamicsometimes seemingly contradictory-and involves endogenous and exogenous sources. Yet, intriguingly, molecular decision-making involved in the spatio-temporal control of ROS metabolism is largely unknown. When also considering that ROS demands are similar between pathogenic and beneficial fungal-plant interactions despite the different outcomes, the intention of our review is to synthesize what is known about ROS metabolism and highlight knowledge gaps that could be hindering the discovery of novel means to mediate beneficial plant-microbe interactions at the expense of harmful plant-microbe interactions.

Forced Air Precooling Enhanced Storage Quality by Activating the Antioxidant System of Mango Fruits

“…Precooling treatment inhibited the increase of O 2− production rate and subsequent fruit senescence. Moreover, being as the product of membrane lipid peroxidation, MDA was usually used to evaluate the degree of membrane damage [36] and lipid peroxidation [37]. In this study, MDA content was increased rapidly during the later storage period and was always at a higher level.…”

Identification of Rhizospheric Actinomycete Streptomyces lavendulae SPS-33 and the Inhibitory Effect of its Volatile Organic Compounds against Ceratocystis fimbriata in Postharvest Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)

“…However, a high concentration of ROS has strong oxidation ability, which can destroy many biological functional molecules, including the peroxidation of membranes. Antioxidants in plant defense systems, such as SOD, POD, and CAT, can reduce ROS and decrease cell damage [45]. The present results indicated that SOD, POD, and CAT activities were enhanced during the culture time after treatment.…”

Sssfh1, a Gene Encoding a Putative Component of the RSC Chromatin Remodeling Complex, Is Involved in Hyphal Growth, Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation, and Pathogenicity in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

“…It is likely that the less accumulation of ROS is because of that we reduced the expression of Sssfh1 by gene silencing, which manipulates the gene expressions in the context of proper endogenous ROS accumulation. It is well defined that appropriate ROS accumulation in fungus is vital for normal hyphal growth, pathogenicity or even sclerotia producing ( Scott and Eaton, 2008 ; Segal and Wilson, 2018 ). In B. cinerea , BcNOXA and BcNOXD, two major enzymatic producers of ROS, are involved in pathogenicity and formation of sclerotia and conidia ( Siegmund et al, 2015 ).…”