Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation Strongly Allied with Genetic Male Sterility Convertible to Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Kenaf

Abstract

Male sterility (MS) plays a key role in the hybrid breed production of plants. Researchers have focused on the association between genetic male sterility (GMS) and cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in kenaf. In this study, P9BS (a natural GMS mutant of the kenaf line P9B) and male plants of P9B were used as parents in multiple backcross generations to produce P9SA, a CMS line with stable sterility, to explore the molecular mechanisms of the association between GMS and CMS. The anthers of the maintainer (P9B), GMS (P9BS), and CMS (P9SA) lines were compared through phenotypic, cell morphological, physiological, biochemical observations, and transcriptome analysis. Premature degradation of the tapetum was observed at the mononuclear stage in P9BS and P9SA, which also had lower activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes compared with P9B. Many coexpressed differentially expressed genes were related to ROS balance, including ATP synthase, electron chain transfer, and ROS scavenging processes were upregulated in P9B. CMS plants had a higher ROS accumulation than GMS plants. The MDA content in P9SA was 3.2 times that of P9BS, and therefore, a higher degree of abortion occurred in P9SA, which may indicate that the conversion between CMS and GMS is related to intracellular ROS accumulation. Our study adds new insights into the natural transformation of GMS and CMS in plants in general and kenaf in particular.

Disruption of recombination machinery alters the mutational landscape in plant organellar genomes

“…2020). Plant organellar genomes encode proteins necessary for the electron transport chains of respiration and photosynthesis and disruption of these pathways can result in the excess production of DNA damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS; Liu et al . 2021).…”

“…Increased recombination between short repeat sequences may disrupt genes, organellar genome stoichiometry, and genome organellar replication, which is recombination-dependent in plants ( Shedge et al 2007 ; Rowan et al 2010 ; Chevigny et al 2020 ). Plant organellar genomes encode proteins necessary for the electron transport chains of respiration and photosynthesis and disruption of these pathways can result in the excess production of DNA damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS; Liu et al 2021 ). Although a direct link between ROS-mediated damage to DNA and mutation rates remains contentious ( Kennedy et al 2013 ; Itsara et al 2014 ; Broz et al 2021 ; Waneka et al 2021 ; Sanchez-Contreras et al 2021 ), ROS molecules have been shown to indirectly affect point mutation rates by impairing proofreading capabilities via damage to the metazoan mtDNA polymerase (Pol γ; Anderson et al 2020 ).…”

Abnormal Calcium Accumulation and ROS Homeostasis-Induced Tapetal Programmed Cell Death Lead to Pollen Abortion of Petaloid-Type Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Camellia oleifera

“…The presence of excess ROS in wheat was associated with abnormal PCD progression in the tapetal layer [43]. An abnormal accumulation of ROS was also found in kenaf CMS line P9SA [44]. MDA is a common indicator of peroxidation related to oxidative stress, and usually high MDA can cause cell damage through nucleic acid reaction with proteins, lipids, and organelles [45].…”

Integrated cyto-physiological and proteomic analyses reveal new insight into CMS mechanism in a novel upland cotton CMS line LD6A

“…Furthermore, ATP and NADH depletion can block ascorbic acid -glutathione cycle in mitochondria, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and expression of mitochondrial chimeric open reading frame (Ling Huang, 2011). In cotton, CMS-D8 line Zhong 41A (Yang et al, 2018a), Kenaf CMS line H722A (Zhou et al, 2019) and P9SA (Liu et al, 2021), suppression of ROS elimination ability led to rapid release of ROS and abnormal microspore development.…”