Reactive Oxygen Scavenging Effect of Enzymatic Extracts from Sargassum thunbergii

Abstract

The free radical scavenging activity of water soluble natural antioxidants from Sargassum thunbergii, which is a brown marine alga, was evaluated by examining the radical scavenging activities of the extracts of hydrolyzates from S. thunbergii on hydroxyl, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and alkyl radicals. A spin-trapping electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer was employed, and the results were compared for their ESR signal intensity. S. thunbergii was enzymatically hydrolyzed to prepare water soluble extracts by five carbohydrases (AMG, Celluclast, Termamyl, Ultraflo, and Viscozyme) and proteases (Alcalase, Flavorzyme, Kojizyme, Neutrase, and Protamex). The scavenging activity of the radicals increased with increased concentrations of the extracts. The scavenging results were higher for hydroxyl and alkyl radicals and lower for DPPH radical as compared with vitamin C as a reference. The hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of the extracts was also investigated; the Alcalase extract showed the highest scavenging activity among the extracts prepared with the five proteases and five carbohydrates. In addition, the DNA damage was determined by using the comet assay with alkaline electrophoresis and was quantified by measuring the tail length. The preventive effect of Alcalase extract from S. thunbergii against DNA damage increased with increments of concentration of the enzymatic extracts.

Cosmetic Potential of Enzymatic Treated Ginseng Leaf

“…The Korean ginseng leaf powder (3 g) was rehydrated with distilled water (DW, 50 mL) and 0.5 wt% Ultraflo L was added at 40°C for 12 hours to hydrolyze cellulose and pectin in the ginseng leaf [16][17][18]. The hydrolyzed mixture was extracted twice with 150 mL of ethanol under reflux in a water bath at 90°C for 2 hours.…”

Biochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Capacity of Some Seaweeds from Red and Mediterranean Coasts of Egypt

“…Attention of researchers was focused on the ability of algae to accumulate antioxidant compounds. Heo et al (2005) identified the potential antioxidant compounds as some pigments (e.g. chlorophyll, carotenoid) and polyphenols (e.g.…”

“…In addition, they are used in medicine and in pharmacology for their antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor and anticoagulant properties (Fleurence, 1999 andSabina et al, 2005). Recent studies show the antioxidant abilities of many types of seaweeds (Lim et al, 2002;Park et al, 2005;Duan et al, 2006 andKuda andIkemori, 2009). Marine algae, like other photosynthesizing plants, are exposed to different environmental conditions that lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species (Asada, 1999).…”

Oral Immunization of Mice with Lily Pollen Expressing HBsAg

“…11) In this context, the lily pollen-based system might be proposed as a potential edible vaccine vector for direct and rapid application.…”