Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species: Oxidative Damage and Antioxidative Defense Mechanism in Plants under Abiotic Stress

Shafi, Amrina; Hassan, Farhana; Khanday, Firdous A.

doi:10.1201/9781003180562-3

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…ROS production and scavenging keep homeostasis balanced in plants under normal conditions [ 42 ]. However, this homeostasis will be disturbed after heat-stress exposure [ 2 ]. To verify the effect of BAG9 on heat-induced oxidative stress, we first detected H 2 O 2 and O 2 •− accumulation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Global warming exacerbates the occurrence of extreme weather, among which high temperature is a major environmental threat to crop yields [ 1 ]. Under heat stress, the ultrastructure and function of chloroplasts and mitochondria suffer damage, resulting in a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl [ 2 ]. The accumulation of ROS leads to the damage of nucleotides, membrane lipid peroxidation, and protein denaturation [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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BAG9 Confers Thermotolerance by Regulating Cellular Redox Homeostasis and the Stability of Heat Shock Proteins in Solanum lycopersicum

et al. 2022

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The Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) family, a group of co-chaperones that share conservative domains in flora and fauna, is involved in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. However, the function of tomato BAG genes on thermotolerance remains largely unknown. Herein, we found that the expression of BAG9 was induced during heat stress in tomato plants. Knockout of the BAG9 gene by CRISPR/Cas9 reduced, while its overexpression increased thermotolerance in tomato plants as reflected by the phenotype, photosynthesis rate, and membrane peroxidation. Heat-induced reactive oxygen species and oxidative/oxidized proteins were further increased in bag9 mutants and were normalized in BAG9 overexpressing plants. Furthermore, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, ascorbic acid (AsA)/dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), and reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were reduced in bag9 mutants and were increased in BAG9 overexpressing plants under heat stress. Additionally, BAG9 interacted with Hsp20 proteins in vitro and in vivo. Accumulation of Hsp proteins induced by heat showed a reduction in bag9 mutants; meanwhile, it was increased in BAG9 overexpressing plants. Thus, BAG9 played a crucial role in response to heat stress by regulating cellular redox homeostasis and the stability of heat shock proteins.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BAG9 Confers Thermotolerance by Regulating Cellular Redox Homeostasis and the Stability of Heat Shock Proteins in Solanum lycopersicum

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, the H 2 O 2 content increased as the treatment duration increased. To protect against excessive ROS, plants employ a complex array of antioxidant defense mechanisms to prevent or mitigate the oxidative damage caused by abiotic stresses ( Shafi et al., 2022 ). Because they are signaling compounds, the accumulation of H 2 O 2 and

may increase the activities of CAT, SOD, POD, and other enzymes during plant responses to Cd stress ( Wrzaczek et al., 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel gene SpCTP3 from the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola redistributes cadmium and increases its accumulation in transgenic Populus × canescens

Zhuo²,

Yu³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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A cadmium (Cd) tolerance protein (SpCTP3) involved in the Sedum plumbizincicola response to Cd stress was identified. However, the mechanism underlying the Cd detoxification and accumulation mediated by SpCTP3 in plants remains unclear. We compared wild-type (WT) and SpCTP3-overexpressing transgenic poplars in terms of Cd accumulation, physiological indices, and the expression profiles of transporter genes following with 100 μmol/L CdCl2. Compared with the WT, significantly more Cd accumulated in the above-ground and below-ground parts of the SpCTP3-overexpressing lines after 100 μmol/L CdCl2 treatment. The Cd flow rate was significantly higher in the transgenic roots than in the WT roots. The overexpression of SpCTP3 resulted in the subcellular redistribution of Cd, with decreased and increased Cd proportions in the cell wall and the soluble fraction, respectively, in the roots and leaves. Additionally, the accumulation of Cd increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. The activities of three antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) increased significantly in response to Cd stress. The observed increase in the titratable acid content in the cytoplasm might lead to the enhanced chelation of Cd. The genes encoding several transporters related to Cd2+ transport and detoxification were expressed at higher levels in the transgenic poplars than in the WT plants. Our results suggest that overexpressing SpCTP3 in transgenic poplar plants promotes Cd accumulation, modulates Cd distribution and ROS homeostasis, and decreases Cd toxicity via organic acids. In conclusion, genetically modifying plants to overexpress SpCTP3 may be a viable strategy for improving the phytoremediation of Cd-polluted soil.

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Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that chloroplasts can produce ROS, which can act as signalling molecules to activate plant defence responses (Carr et al, 2019 ; Hernández et al, 2016 ). However, ROS can also be detrimental to the plant by causing oxidative damage to cellular components (Shafi et al, 2022 ). Therefore, the relationship between chloroplast clustering and ROS production is complex, and the effect of chloroplast positioning on plant–pathogen interactions may be contingent on the specific type of pathogens involved.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chloroplast clustering around the nucleus induced by OMP24 overexpression unexpectedly promoted PSTVd infection in Nicotiana benthamiana

Han,

Jia,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Chloroplast clustering around the nucleus is a well‐known mechanism that occurs in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses and is believed to be a mechanism of defence against pathogens in plants. This phenomenon is accompanied by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can help to destroy invading pathogens. However, the function of chloroplast clustering during viroid infection is unclear. Here, we report that, although the infection by potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) failed to induce chloroplast clustering, chloroplast clustering caused by the overexpression of the Nicotiana benthamiana chloroplast outer membrane protein 24 (NbOMP24) promoted the infection by PSTVd, a viroid pathogen, in N. benthamiana. Interestingly, H2O2 treatment, which caused increased ROS accumulation, showed no significant effects on PSTVd infection. Moreover, NbOMP24 protein showed no direct interaction with PSTVd. We propose that perinuclear chloroplast clustering induced by NbOMP24 provides a favourable environment for PSTVd infection. These findings highlight the complexity of chloroplast clustering‐mediated plant–pathogen interactions and the need for further research to fully understand these mechanisms.

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Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species: Oxidative Damage and Antioxidative Defense Mechanism in Plants under Abiotic Stress

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

BAG9 Confers Thermotolerance by Regulating Cellular Redox Homeostasis and the Stability of Heat Shock Proteins in Solanum lycopersicum

BAG9 Confers Thermotolerance by Regulating Cellular Redox Homeostasis and the Stability of Heat Shock Proteins in Solanum lycopersicum

A novel gene SpCTP3 from the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola redistributes cadmium and increases its accumulation in transgenic Populus × canescens

Chloroplast clustering around the nucleus induced by OMP24 overexpression unexpectedly promoted PSTVd infection in Nicotiana benthamiana

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