Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver and pancreas. A report of two cases and a comprehensive review of the literature

Amer, Aimen; Mafeld, Sebastian; Saeed, D.; Al-Jundi, Wissam; Haugk, Beate; Charnley, Richard; White, Steven A.

doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2011.12.004

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This study also showed an obvious female predominance (3 men and 15 women). Another interesting phenomenon that should not be neglected is that most reported cases were single in number, and the average size of HRLH was small, usually between 1 and 2 cm but seldom larger than 3 cm . The reasons have not been clarified in the previous reports and are still unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound Features of Hepatic Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia: Correlation With Histopathologic Findings

Dong

Lü

Wang

et al. 2019

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives-To find certain specifics of hepatic reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (HRLH) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging as diagnostic imaging clues by retrospectively analyzing its enhancement features.Methods-From June 2010 to June 2017, 18 histopathologically confirmed HRLH lesions in 18 patients were included in this retrospective study. The lesion's location, maximum diameter, shape, margin, echogenicity, and color flow signal on conventional ultrasound (US) imaging and enhancement pattern, presence of a feeding artery, and donutlike enhancement on CEUS imaging were observed and recorded. The lesion size on CEUS imaging at peak enhancement and that on conventional US imaging were compared and recorded.Results-All of the lesions showed homogeneous hypoechogenicity with a regular well-defined margin on conventional US imaging, with a mean diameter AE SD of 14.3 AE 4.6 mm (range, 8-24 mm). On CEUS imaging, all of the lesions showed "quick-wash-in and quick-wash-out," which showed complete homogeneous hyperenhancement in the arterial phase and wash-out in the second half of the arterial phase or first half of the portal phase. In 83.3% (15 of 18) of the lesions, the lesion size that was enhanced at peak was enlarged compared with the hypoechoic area on conventional US imaging, and transient donutlike enhancement appeared when the lesion showed wash-out. In 55.6% (10 of 18) of cases, the feeding artery was detected.Conclusions-Enlarged complete homogeneous hyperenhancement in the arterial phase, consequently followed by quick wash-out of the lesion and the appearance of donutlike enhancement, may be the CEUS features of HRLH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound Features of Hepatic Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia: Correlation With Histopathologic Findings

Dong

Lü

Wang

et al. 2019

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…Among the 51 cases reviewed, 14 (27.5 %) had chronic liver diseases, including primary biliary cirrhosis in 6 cases [ 1 , 16 , 24 , 26 , 30 ], viral hepatitis in 6 cases [ 24 , 31 , 32 ], and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in 2 cases [ 33 , 34 ]. Pseudolymphoma has been reported to develop after interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis [ 31 , 35 ].…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, lymphoid follicles are generally not identified in the portal area of a normal liver but are found in a liver with chronic hepatitis. Therefore, pseudolymphoma of the liver has been reported to be associated with hepatitis [ 24 , 32 ]. However, the present patient did not have any liver disease, including chronic hepatitis.…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudolymphoma of the liver: a case report and literature review

et al. 2015

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Pseudolymphoma is a benign lymphocytic tumor-like lesion, and its occurrence in the liver is rare. Here, we report the case of a 78-year-old woman with pseudolymphoma of the liver. She had a history of tremors for several years. Therefore, she underwent computed tomography (CT) for screening, and liver tumors were incidentally identified. She did not have any history of liver disease. Liver function test results and tumor marker levels were all within normal limits, and viral markers for hepatitis were negative. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed four nodules measuring up to 13 mm in diameter with ring enhancement in both lobes of the liver. On magnetic resonance imaging, the lesions showed slightly high intensity on T2-weighted images and high intensity on diffusion-weighted images. Because of atypical imaging findings, the tumors could not be definitively diagnosed. Therefore, we performed laparoscopic limited resection of segments 2, 3, 4, and 8 of the liver. The final pathological diagnosis was pseudolymphoma of the liver. The patient has had no signs of recurrence for 6 months after the surgery. Although pseudolymphoma of the liver is rare, it is necessary to consider it in the differential diagnosis of a liver tumor.

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“…RLH is considered to be a reactive immunological response which may occur in association with malignancy and hepatitis (1)(2)(3)(4). Recognition of this rare lesion is essential in order to avoid unnecessary extended surgical resection.…”

Section: Hepatic Mass With Lymphadenopathy In a B Viral Hepatitis Patmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RLH is a rare benign condition which forms a mass‐like lesion characterized by proliferation of non‐neoplastic lymphoid cells, which form follicles and germinal centres . RLH is considered to be a reactive immunological response which may occur in association with malignancy and hepatitis . Recognition of this rare lesion is essential in order to avoid unnecessary extended surgical resection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%