Reactive Extraction of Lactic Acid using Environmentally Benign Green Solvents and Synergistic Mixture of Extractants

Abstract

An environment-friendly reactive extraction method as a novel phase separation technique is considered to extract Lactic Acid (LA) from the aqueous solution by means of environmentally benign green diluents along with a synergistic mixture of extractants. Reactive extraction of LA was carried out through a synergistic mixture of extractants (trioctylamine (TOA), Aliquat336, and tridodecylamine (TDDA)), organic solvents, and non-toxic and biocompatible green diluents. According to the various investigated LA reactive extraction processes, the process featuring sun ower oil, synergist extractant (TOA and Aliquat336), and Butan-2-ol was found to be the most favorable system. The LA distribution coe cient (K D = 27:75 0:22) and extraction e ciency ( = 97:17 0:54%) were obtained by a system consisting of LA concentration (0.05 [M]), TOA (15%, v/v), Aliquat336 (15%, v/v), phase ratio (1:1, v/v), solvent ratio (2.5, v/v), agitation speed (100 rpm), and stirring time (120 min). The main driving force for this research work on the LA reactive extraction from the aqueous solution is the development of a suitable combination of extractants, organic solvents, and natural solvents that possesses high a nity with LA and, also, has lower toxicity with respect to LA-producing microbes.

Statistical Optimization of Lactic Acid Extraction Using Green Solvent and Mixed Extractants (TOA and TOMAC)

“…The synergism of these extractants (TOMAC+TOA) has been provided the higher LA extraction efficiency than their individual applications during the extraction process [17,37]. This extraction efficiency has been found better than the individual extractants [43,44].…”

Reactive Extraction as an Intensifying Approach for the Recovery of Organic Acids from Aqueous Solution: A Comprehensive Review on Experimental and Theoretical Studies

“…To enhance the extraction yield, the different extractants with solvents can be used in a single organic phase mixture, and this is called synergetic extraction. Positive synergism appears when the hydrophobicity of the extracted complex is improved by solvation, and it is done by the addition of extractants with a high polarity difference. − …”

“…Researchers have approached different categories of extractants to intensify the reactive extraction process for various organic acids and their salts. The equilibrium and kinetic models are used to investigate the probable reaction regime, rate, and mechanism of the reactive extraction. ,, Investigators have also used the mixture of extractants with solvents in a single unit and discussed their synergistic and antagonistic experimental results on the extraction of the organic acids. − The in situ extraction and extractive fermentation studies on organic acid recovery are also approached by some researches. − The selective studies on reactive extraction of organic acids with aminic extractants, phosphoric extractants, and hydrophobic ionic liquids are mentioned in Tables , , and , respectively.…”

Synergistic organic liquid formulation for succinic acid extraction from simulated aqueous solution

“…Meanwhile, TBP is solvating extractant that contains oxygen bonded to phosphorus. These extractants were proven to benefit the extraction of organic acids in previous study (Kumar and Thakur, 2019;Inyang and Lokhat, 2020).…”

“…Therefore, a combination of various extractants is applied to the LLE systems for obtaining enhanced extraction efficiency (%) owing to the synergistic effect of extractant (Padhan & Sarangi, 2017). Synergism is defined as cooperation between two carrier molecules to improve the extraction effectiveness and collaboration of two extractants/carriers that further facilitates the transportation of solute from the aqueous to organic phase (Kumar & Thakur, 2019;Sulaiman & Othman, 2017). Recently, the applications of a synergistic mixture of extractants during the various extraction studies have been observed.…”