Reactive dicarbonyl compounds and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural in carbonated beverages containing high fructose corn syrup

Lo, Chih-Yu; Li, Shiming; Wang, Yu; Tan, Di; Pan, Min‐Hsiung; Sang, Shengmin; Ho, Chi‐Tang

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.09.028

Cited by 74 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…a-Dicarbonyls are also generated during fermentation and during prolonged or high-temperature cooking, meaning that certain (processed) foods and cigarette smoke (35,36) contain significant amounts of MG. Consumption of a conventional Western diet typically contains ;2 mmol of MG each day but may be up to tenfold higher in some cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dicarbonyl Stress in the Absence of Hyperglycemia Increases Endothelial Inflammation and Atherogenesis Similar to That Observed in Diabetes

et al. 2014

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The deleterious effects of high glucose levels and enhanced metabolic flux on the vasculature are thought to be mediated by the generation of toxic metabolites, including reactive dicarbonyls like methylglyoxal (MG). In this article, we demonstrate that increasing plasma MG to levels observed in diabetic mice either using an exogenous source (1% in drinking water) or generated following inhibition, its primary clearance enzyme, glyoxalase-1 (with 50 mg/kg IP bromobenzyl-glutathione cyclopentyl diester every second day), was able to increase vascular adhesion and augment atherogenesis in euglycemic apolipoprotein E knockout mice to a similar magnitude as that observed in hyperglycemic mice with diabetes. The effects of MG appear partly mediated by activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), as deletion of RAGE was able to reduce inflammation and atherogenesis associated with MG exposure. However, RAGE deletion did not completely prevent inflammation or vascular damage, possibly because the induction of mitochondrial oxidative stress by dicarbonyls also contributes to inflammation and atherogenesis. Such data would suggest that a synergistic combination of RAGE antagonism and antioxidants may offer the greatest utility for the prevention and management of diabetic vascular complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dicarbonyl Stress in the Absence of Hyperglycemia Increases Endothelial Inflammation and Atherogenesis Similar to That Observed in Diabetes

et al. 2014

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“…Furthermore, the use of different reference compounds for external calibration may lead to varying results: whereas authentic 3-DG was used in the present study, 2-methyl-3-(2′,3′-dihydroxypropyl)-quinoxaline was applied in the latter one. Furthermore, the 3-DG content may vary in different [20]. The product specification (HFCS-42 or HFCS-55) did not show a significant influence on total α-DC concentration (HFCS-42, 603±233 μg/mL; HFCS-55, 719±248 μg/mL; p>0.39).…”

Section: Quantification Of Six α-Dcs In Hfcs Samplesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…3-DG was identified as the major sugar degradation product in HFCS with a concentration between 194 and 730 μg/mL. Lo et al measured from 27 to 75 μg/mL 3-DG in three selected HFCS samples [20]. The reasons for this discrepancy are not clear, as validation parameters of the latter study are not available.…”

Section: Quantification Of Six α-Dcs In Hfcs Samplesmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Identification and quantification of six major α-dicarbonyl process contaminants in high-fructose corn syrup

et al. 2012

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High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is a widely used liquid sweetener produced from corn starch by hydrolysis and partial isomerization of glucose to fructose. During these processing steps, sugars can be considerably degraded, leading, for example, to the formation of reactive α-dicarbonyl compounds (α-DCs). The present study performed targeted screening to identify the major α-DCs in HFCS. For this purpose, α-DCs were selectively converted with o-phenylendiamine to the corresponding quinoxaline derivatives, which were analyzed by liquid chromatography with hyphenated diode array-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-MS/MS) detection. 3-Deoxy-D-erythro-hexos-2-ulose (3-deoxyglucosone), D-lyxo-hexos-2-ulose (glucosone), 3-deoxy-D-threo-hexos-2-ulose (3-deoxygalactosone), 1-deoxy-D-erythro-hexos-2,3-diulose (1-deoxyglucosone), 3,4-dideoxyglucosone-3-ene, methylglyoxal, and glyoxal were identified by enhanced mass spectra as well as MS/MS product ion spectra using the synthesized standards as reference. Addition of diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid and adjustment of the derivatization conditions ensured complete derivatization without de novo formation for all identified α-DCs in HFCS matrix except for glyoxal. Subsequently, a ultra-high performance LC-DAD-MS/MS method was established to quantify 3-deoxyglucosone, glucosone, 3-deoxygalactosone, 1-deoxyglucosone, 3,4-dideoxyglucosone-3-ene, and methylglyoxal in HFCS. Depending on the α-DC compound and concentration, the recovery ranged between 89.2% and 105.8% with a relative standard deviation between 1.9% and 6.5%. Subsequently, the α-DC profiles of 14 commercial HFCS samples were recorded. 3-Deoxyglucosone was identified as the major α-DC with concentrations up to 730 μg/mL HFCS. The total α-DC content ranged from 293 μg/mL to 1,130 μg/mL HFCS. Significantly different α-DC levels were not detected between different HFCS specifications, but between samples of various manufacturers indicating that the α-DC load is influenced by the production procedures.

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“…Technological processing of medical products such as dialyse fluids for renal replacement therapy (Linden et al 2002;Schalkwijk et al 1999) and food and beverages such as sweetened cola drinks involve formation and exposure to dicarbonyl glycating agents (Lo et al 2008). Formation of crosslinking in proteins for tanning and desired browning of skin in lotions also involves glycation (Avery and Bailey 2008;Petersen et al 2004).…”

Section: Importance Of Protein Glycationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycation research in amino acids: a place to call home

2010

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This is an introduction to a collection of review articles by leading investigators in the field of protein glycation research, see following articles in this issue. With this we launch a section of this journal now established for presentation of research results, reviews and commentaries on protein glycation and related topics. Glycation is the spontaneous, non-enzymatic reaction of protein with saccharides and saccharide derivatives. Although studied in the modern scientific era for over 100 years, its importance in the biology, medicine, food and nutrition, pharmacology and toxicology, and technological processing remains intriguingly undisclosed. In this section of amino acids, research on glycation is a qualifier for publication. Glycation research now has a place to call home.

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Reactive dicarbonyl compounds and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural in carbonated beverages containing high fructose corn syrup

Cited by 74 publications

References 21 publications

Dicarbonyl Stress in the Absence of Hyperglycemia Increases Endothelial Inflammation and Atherogenesis Similar to That Observed in Diabetes

Dicarbonyl Stress in the Absence of Hyperglycemia Increases Endothelial Inflammation and Atherogenesis Similar to That Observed in Diabetes

Identification and quantification of six major α-dicarbonyl process contaminants in high-fructose corn syrup

Glycation research in amino acids: a place to call home

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