Reactive compatibilization of the PBT/EVA blend by maleic anhydride

Kim, Seon-Jun; Shin, Bong-Sub; Hong, Jeong-Lag; Cho, Won‐Jei; Ha, Chang‐Sik

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(00)00810-7

Cited by 120 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…1c). MA could be grafted onto EVA chains via a free radical grafting mechanism, while esterification reactions occur between the grafted MA and the hydroxyl groups of starch chains (Kim, Shin, Hong, Cho, & Ha, 2001;Wang, Liu, & Xiong, 2007;Zhang & Sun, 2004). The reaction between EVA and starch via MA and BPO was confirmed by IR characterization resulting in EVA-g-starch copolymers, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: In Situ Compatibilization In the Eva/starch Blendsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Structure–property relationships of reactively compatibilized PHB/EVA/starch blends

Piming

Chen

et al. 2014

Carbohydrate Polymers

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a b s t r a c tA method is addressed to prepare poly(hydroxybutyrate)/poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)/starch (PHB/EVA/starch) blends with fine dispersion of starch, i.e. by an in situ compatibilization in the presence of maleic anhydride (MA) and peroxide. The starch particle size is reduced from hundreds-m to sub-m after the compatibilization accompanied by an improvement in interfacial adhesion. Meanwhile, starch-in-EVA-type morphology is observed in the blends. The EVA and starch gradually changed into a (partially) co-continuous phase with increasing MA content. Consequently, toughness of the blends was improved as evidenced by an increase in elongation at break and tensile-fracture energy (work). Cavitation, fibrillation and matrix yielding are regarded as the toughening mechanism for the compatibilized blends. In addition, the T g of the EVA phase is dependent on its phase morphology in the blends while the thermal behavior of the PHB was only slightly affected by the compatibilization.

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Section: In Situ Compatibilization In the Eva/starch Blendsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Structure–property relationships of reactively compatibilized PHB/EVA/starch blends

Piming

Chen

et al. 2014

Carbohydrate Polymers

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“…The MA group has potential to reactively interact with hydroxyl groups forming a covalent bond. Carbonyl oxygen in MA group could also form intermolecular dipole-dipole interaction with hydrogen in the hydroxyl group (Kim et al, 2001, Formela et al, 2015.…”

Section: Maleic Anhydride Grafted Eva (Maeva)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the properties of reclaimed waste tire rubber by blending with poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) and electron beam irradiation

Ramarad

Ratnam

Khalid

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Non-degradable waste tire generation around the world is growing at an alarming rate. Diversifying the recycling route of these waste tires is essential to solve the problem. One way is to incorporate them into polymers and convert them into new products. However, incorporation of ground tire rubber into thermoplastics has been hampered due to lack of toughness and adhesion between phases. To address the issue, this study utilized reclaimed waste tire rubber (RTR) instead; and evaluated the properties of RTR and poly(ethyleneco-vinyl acetate) (EVA) blends. The properties of the RTR/EVA blends were further enhanced by compatibilization and electron beam irradiation.Processing, mechanical, thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of RTR were tremendously improved by blending with EVA. However, the interfacial adhesion was found to lack in the blends. Compatibilization by reactive, physical and combination strategies were explored utilizing (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxy silane (APS), liquid styrene butadiene rubber (LR) and maleated EVA (MAEVA), respectively. APS and MAEVA were found to be the most and least favourable compatibilizer, respectively. Apart from functioning as reactive compatibilizer, APS also reclaimed the RTR phase further. These lead to improved dispersion of smaller RTR phase in EVA matrix and enhanced the interfacial adhesion.Electron beam irradiation revealed the presence of radical stabilizing and scavenging additives within RTR which retards the crosslinking process in RTR and RTR/EVA blends. Though chain scissions were predominant; study showed the replacement of S-S and S-C bonds with stronger and stiffer C-C bonds ensures the retention of RTR and RTR/EVA blends properties upon irradiation.Compatibilization of RTR/EVA blend by APS (50RTR/5APS) also improved the crosslinking efficiency. However, the blend still suffered from oxidative degradation from irradiation in air. Radiation sensitizers, trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA), tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) and N,N-1,3Phenylene Bismaleimide (HVA2), were used to accelerate the irradiation induced crosslinking in RTR and 50RTR/5APS blends. Presence of radiation sensitizers leads to simultaneous improvement in toughness and tensile strength of RTR and 50RTR/5APS blends. Elastic capacity of RTR phase was restored and interfacial adhesion enhanced in the presence of radiation sensitizers.iii

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“…Thus, attainment of better properties in immiscible polymer blends demands improvement in miscibility. Addition of block or graft copolymers as compatibilizer during processing helps in reducing interfacial tension and increasing interfacial adhesion through bridging or making entanglement between the polymers that improves the compatibility of the blends [17][18][19][20][21]. Many research groups [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] have reported nanoclay as a good compatibilizer in immiscible polymer blends over the past several years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyoxymethylene Nanocomposite

Babu

Mettilda

2014

Journal of Applied Chemistry

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Polyoxymethylene is a material which has excellent mechanical properties similar to Nylon-6 filled with 30% GF. 75% POM and 25% glass fibre (POMGF) were blended with nanoclay to increase the tensile and flexural properties. Samples were extruded in twin screw extruder to blend POMGF and (1%, 3%, and 5%) Cloisite 25A nanoclay and specimens were prepared by injection moulding process. The tensile properties, flexural properties, impact strength, and hardness were investigated for the nanocomposites. The fibre pull-outs, fibre matrix adhesion, and cracks in composites were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy. 1% POMGF nanocomposite has low water absorption property. Addition of nanoclay improves the mechanical properties and thermal properties marginally. Improper blending of glass fibre and nanoclay gives low tensile strength and impact strength. SEM image shows the mixing of glass fibre and nanoclay among which 1% POMGF nanocomposite shows better properties compared to others. The thermal stability decreased marginally only with the addition of nanoclay.

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Reactive compatibilization of the PBT/EVA blend by maleic anhydride

Cited by 120 publications

References 23 publications

Structure–property relationships of reactively compatibilized PHB/EVA/starch blends

Structure–property relationships of reactively compatibilized PHB/EVA/starch blends

Improving the properties of reclaimed waste tire rubber by blending with poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) and electron beam irradiation

Studies on Mechanical, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyoxymethylene Nanocomposite

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