Reactivation of Tuberculosis in the Setting of COVID-19 Infection

Noori, Muhammad Atif Masood; Younes, Islam; Latif, Asnia; Fichadiya, Hardik; Elkattawy, Sherif; Khandait, Harshwardhan; Nawachukwu, Onyeka; Garg, Veena

doi:10.7759/cureus.23417

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This is through a process that activates a specific gene stemness, ultimately leading to MTB reproduction and reactivation. However, this phenomenon is yet to be confirmed, as it’s been observed in mice [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Disseminated Tuberculosis Post COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Almatrafi¹,

Awad²,

Alsahaf³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Diagnosis of tuberculosis was affected during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Several studies have shown an association between tuberculosis reactivation and COVID-19, but disseminated tuberculosis was rare. We present a case of a 17-year-old male hospitalized due to a fever of unknown origin for two weeks. The patient recovered from COVID-19 five weeks ago, and his nasopharyngeal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was negative on current hospitalization. After investigations, diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis was made by lymph node biopsy and radiological features. The patient was treated with four anti-tuberculosis medications and had a favorable outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19), the ongoing pandemic that originated in China in December 2019, is a significant public health threat. More than 100 million cases and 2.3 million deaths worldwide have been reported to the world health organization (WHO) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Tuberculosis Post COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Almatrafi¹,

Awad²,

Alsahaf³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…17 There is evidence that, for patients with COVID-19 disease, there is an increased risk of latent tuberculous infection progressing to active tuberculosis (TB). 18 COVID-19 disease is also associated with reactivation of latent cytomegalovirus infection. 19 A striking example of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the emergence of secondary fungal infection is the association with severe mucormycosis that was observed in India, during the height of the COVID pandemic.…”

Section: Discussion Of Case and Relevant Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Rapidly Expanding Chest Wall Mass in an Adolescent With COVID-19

Klair,

Ireland,

Schleiss

2023

Clin Pediatr (Phila)

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“…The patient was a known case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease, seizure disorder and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. 18 Landivar et al reported a case of 69-year-old female who developed pulmonary tuberculosis few months after severe COVID-19 infection for which she received dexamethasone and tocilizumab. The patient was a known case of hypertension, diabetes, pancreatitis (autoimmune type 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and tuberculosis reactivation: a systematic review assessing most common risk factors

Tewari

Yadav²

2022

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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COVID-19 as a pandemic not only shifted the focus of the healthcare system from other diseases but also affected the disease progression of infections like tuberculosis which remained a leading killer in the past worldwide. COVID-19 itself is said to reactivate latent tuberculosis as shown in animal experiments. Immunomodulators such as corticosteroids and tocilizumab which are being used for covid treatment even further predisposes patients to tuberculosis reactivation and increased progression of the disease. Diabetes is already known to be a risk factor for tuberculosis reactivation and impact tuberculosis progression and worsen the situation. The exact mechanism of interaction of covid-19 and tuberculosis and their effect on each other remains unknown. Considering high prevalence of tuberculosis and the current scenario of covid-19 in world, there is need to study the impact of covid-19 infection on tuberculosis progression or reactivation and commonly associated risk factors. We conducted a systematic search of the online databases to collect data of patients who had tuberculosis reactivation or increased progression of disease after covid-19 infection. Data of a total of 18 patients was retrieved and used for the syntheses of the study. Diabetes was present in 50% of the patients. 55.5% patients were administered corticosteroids for covid-19 treatment later presenting with tuberculosis. Tocilizumab however was administered to 22.2% patients who also received corticosteroids. 27.7% patients suffered tuberculosis reactivation after covid-19 infection without history of diabetes and corticosteroid or tocilizumab administration. None of the patients were reported to have HIV infection. Major risk factors present in patients included corticosteroid administration and diabetes. However, tuberculosis reactivation was seen even in absence of these factors indicating that covid-19 infection may itself be responsible for tuberculosis reactivation. The exact mechanism however remains unknown and further clinical studies are needed to know the same.

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Reactivation of Tuberculosis in the Setting of COVID-19 Infection

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Disseminated Tuberculosis Post COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Disseminated Tuberculosis Post COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

A Rapidly Expanding Chest Wall Mass in an Adolescent With COVID-19

COVID-19 and tuberculosis reactivation: a systematic review assessing most common risk factors

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