Reactions on a Solid Surface. A Simple, Economical and Efficient Friedel−Crafts Acylation Reaction over Zinc Oxide (ZnO) as a New Catalyst

Hosseini‐Sarvari, Mona; Sharghi, Hashem

doi:10.1021/jo0494477

Cited by 207 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As a well-known wide-bandgap semiconductor, [5] zinc oxide has proven valuable as an ideal functional component for devices and materials in catalysts, [6] photonic crystals, [7] gas sensors, [8] acoustic-optical devices, [9] transparent electrodes, [10] piezoelectric transducers and actuators, [11] light-emitting diodes, [12] solar cells, [13] and biomedical materials. [14] There is much interest in how to control the morphology of ZnO nanostructures in an effective and controllable way in order to answer the great demand for the realization of these applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Layered Basic Zinc Acetate Nanobelts to Hierarchical Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and Porous Zinc Oxide Nanobelts

Song

Deng

et al. 2007

Adv Funct Materials

193

135

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Novel hierarchical ZnO nanostructures, porous ZnO nanobelts, and nanoparticle chains are prepared from a precursor of synthetic bilayered basic zinc acetate (BLBZA) nanobelts. BLBZA nanobelts are obtained by a simple synthetic route under mild conditions. X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis are used to characterize the BLBZA nanobelts and ZnO nanostructures. The obtained BLBZA precursor consists of a lamellar structure with two interlayer distances of 1.33 and 2.03 nm, exhibits a beltlike morphology, and has widths of 200 to 600 nm, thicknesses of 10 to 50 nm, and lengths of up to 50 μm. Refluxing an aqueous dispersion of BLBZA nanobelts at 120 °C for 12 h leads to the formation of well‐defined hierarchical ZnO nanostructures. The time‐dependent shape‐evolution process suggests that spindlelike ZnO particles form first, and then the ringlike nanosheets grow heterogeneously on the backbone of these spindles. In addition, calcination in air can remove ligand molecules and intercalated water molecules from BLBZA nanobelts, resulting in the formation of porous ZnO nanobelts and nanoparticle chains. The BLBZA nanobelts serve as templates during the transformation to form ZnO beltlike nanoparticle chains without morphological deformation. Photoluminescence results show that both the as‐synthesized hierarchical ZnO nanostructures and porous ZnO nanobelts show a narrow and sharp UV emission at 390 nm and a broad blue–green emission at above 466 nm when excited by UV light.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Layered Basic Zinc Acetate Nanobelts to Hierarchical Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and Porous Zinc Oxide Nanobelts

Song

Deng

et al. 2007

Adv Funct Materials

193

135

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“…ZnO is a commercially available cost effective catalyst and it offers an alternative to the aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) catalyst in Friedel crafts acylation reaction. [46] The amount of catalyst has been chosen to be 0.5 mole ratio relative to styrene (as the catalyst amount was optimized by Sharghi et al). [46] R. R. Nayak, A. M. Shanmugharaj, S. H. Ryu to 450 8C reveals the successful grafting of one styrene unit onto the carbon nanotube surface through Friedel crafts acylation reaction (see step 2 in Scheme 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[46] The amount of catalyst has been chosen to be 0.5 mole ratio relative to styrene (as the catalyst amount was optimized by Sharghi et al). [46] R. R. Nayak, A. M. Shanmugharaj, S. H. Ryu to 450 8C reveals the successful grafting of one styrene unit onto the carbon nanotube surface through Friedel crafts acylation reaction (see step 2 in Scheme 1). In the corresponding DTG curve two degradation zones are observed, where the first degradation zone is assumed to be the unreacted COCl group and the second degradation corresponds to the styrene group grafted on the SWCNT.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[45] Recently Sarvari et al reported solid phase Friedel Craft acylation reaction using Zinc oxide (ZnO) as catalyst. [46] In a typical Friedel Craft acylation reaction an aromatic compound undergoes electrophilic substitution with an acylating agent in the presence of a catalyst. In the present work, a new protocol to functionalize SWCNTs is investigated which is comparatively easy compared to ATRP or NMRP (Scheme 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Route for Polystyrene Grafted Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes and their Characterization

Nayak

Shanmugharaj

Ryu

2008

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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A novel route to graft polystyrene from the surface of single walled carbon nanotubes has been discussed. Grafting of one styrene unit onto SWCNT sidewalls was successfully done by Friedel Craft acylation reaction using cheap and reusable ZnO catalyst. FT‐IR and Raman spectra and TGA show the effective grafting of styrene onto the SWCNT. End‐grafted polystyrene polymer was synthesized on the SWCNT surface by free radical polymerization. It is found that optimum monomer concentration, reaction temperature and time exist. NMR and FT‐IR spectroscopy confirm the grafting of polystyrene from the SWCNT surface. Little change in the nature of SWCNT is observed from Raman spectroscopy. Nanocomposite films prepared using polystyrene and functionalized carbon nanotubes exhibits low volume resistivity.magnified image

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“…In present decade, metal nanoparticles have attracted much attention because of their many significant applications in various areas such as catalysis [1][2][3][4], optoelectronics [5], spintronics [6], piezoelectric transducers [7], ultraviolet optoelectronics [8]. Therefore for the production of metal nanoparticles several methods have been developed like solvothermal, hydrothermal, self-assembly, and template assisted sol-gel [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZnO Nanobelts: An Efficient Catalyst for Synthesis of 5-Arylidine-2,4-Thiazolidinediones and 5-Arylidine-Rhodanines

nbsp¹,

Sandhu²

2012

IJOC

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A facile preparation of ZnO nanobelts by chemical precipitation technique and its utility as catalyst in Knoevenagel condensation of 2,4-thiazolidinedione/rhodanine has been described. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques revealed the formation ZnO nanobelts. Scanning electron microscopic observations indicate that the lengths of nanobelts are ranging from a few hundreds of micrometers to a few millimeters. Its use for the condensation of aldehydes and active methylene compounds under solvent free reaction condition at 90˚C afforded the corresponding products in excellent yields in minute time.

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Reactions on a Solid Surface. A Simple, Economical and Efficient Friedel−Crafts Acylation Reaction over Zinc Oxide (ZnO) as a New Catalyst

Cited by 207 publications

References 22 publications

From Layered Basic Zinc Acetate Nanobelts to Hierarchical Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and Porous Zinc Oxide Nanobelts

From Layered Basic Zinc Acetate Nanobelts to Hierarchical Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and Porous Zinc Oxide Nanobelts

A Novel Route for Polystyrene Grafted Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes and their Characterization

ZnO Nanobelts: An Efficient Catalyst for Synthesis of 5-Arylidine-2,4-Thiazolidinediones and 5-Arylidine-Rhodanines

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